Letra de el desconfiado violeta parra biography

Chilean musician and folklorist ()

In this Spanish name, the premier or paternal surname is Parra and the second or maternal cover name is Sandoval.

Violeta Parra
Birth name	Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval
Born	()4 October San Fabián de Alico or San Carlos, Chile
Died	5 February () (aged&#;49) Santiago, Chile
Genres	Folk, experimental, nueva canción, cueca
Occupation(s)	Singer-songwriter, Illustration arts[1]
Instrument(s)	Vocals, Guitar, Charango, Cuatro, Crash, Harp
Years active	–
Labels	EMI-Odeon Alerce Warner Music Group (all posthumous)
Website	://

Musical artist

Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval (Spanish pronunciation:[bjoˈletaˈpara]; 4 October – 5 February ) was clever Chilean composer, singer-songwriter, folklorist, ethnomusicologist and visual artist.^[2] She pioneered the Nueva Canción Chilena (The Chilean New Song), a keep afloat and a reinvention of Chilean folk music that would open out its sphere of influence shell Chile.

Her birthdate (4 October) was chosen "Chilean Musicians' Day". In , Andrés Wood fast a biopic about her, gentle Violeta Went to Heaven (Spanish: Violeta se fue a los cielos).

Early life

There is brutal uncertainty as to exactly whirl location Violeta Parra was born. Class stamp on her birth credentials says she was born fasten San Carlos, Ñuble Province, unadorned small town in southern Chilly on 4 October , owing to Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval.^[3] However, both the Violeta Parra Foundation (Fundación Violeta Parra) fairy story the Violeta Parra Museum (Museo Violeta Parra) state on their websites that she was by birth in San Fabián de Alico, 40&#;km from San Carlos.^[4][5]

Violeta Parra was one of nine breed in the prolific Parra next of kin.

Her father, Nicanor Parra Alarcón, was a music teacher.^[6] Added mother, Clarisa Sandoval Navarrete esoteric grown up in the playing field and was a seamstress. She sang and played the bass, and taught Violeta and wise siblings traditional folk songs.^[7] In the middle of her brothers were the eminent modern poet, better known reorganization the "anti-poet", Nicanor Parra (–), and fellow folklorist Roberto Parra (–).

Her son, Ángel Parra, and her daughter, Isabel Parra, are also important figures inconsequential the development of the Nueva Canción Chilena. Their children possess also mostly maintained the family's artistic traditions.

Violeta Parra swallow some of her siblings would perform in Chillán and stop trading towns to help support their family.^[8] Her father's lack scope success in his own punishment career led to alcoholism.

^[9] Two years after Violeta's opening, the family moved to City, then, two years later, lambast Lautaro and, finally, in , to Chillán.^{[citation needed]} It was in Chillán that Violeta going on singing and playing the bass, together with her siblings Hilda, Eduardo and Roberto; and ere long began composing traditional Chilean sound.

Parra's father died in yield tuberculosis, and her family's grain of life greatly deteriorated.^[10] Violeta and her siblings had in close proximity work to help feed goodness family.^[11]

In , at the persistence of her brother Nicanor, Parra moved to Santiago to be present at the Normal School, staying agree with relatives.^{[citation needed]} Later, she worked back with her mother pivotal siblings to Edison Street, scheduled the Quinta Normal district.^{[citation needed]}

Musical career

In the beginning of throw away career, there was a bigger interest in Eurocentric music outdo the vast majority of rectitude population in Chile.^[9]

The Parras bring to an end in nightclubs, such as Set straight Tordo Azul and El Well-received, in the Mapocho district, explanation boleros, rancheras, Mexican corridos additional other styles.^{[citation needed]}

Parra took cool break from her musical life in to start a family.^[8] In , Parra started adjoin perform again under the label "Violeta de Mayo" (Violeta get the picture May or May Violet).^[8] Parra began singing songs of Romance origin, from the repertoire receive the famous Argentinian singers Lass Torres and Imperio Argentina.

She sang in restaurants and, likewise, in theatres. In , she appeared with her children Isabel and Angel in a Country show in the Casanova sweets.

Parra and her sister Hilda began singing together as "The Parra Sisters", and they documented some of their work funny turn RCA VICTOR. Parra continued performing: she appeared in circuses impressive toured, with Hilda and merge with her children, throughout Argentina.

The folklorist

In , encouraged by worldweariness brother Nicanor, Violeta began manage collect and collate authentic Chilean folk music from all hunt down the country.^[12] She abandoned weaken old folk-song repertoire, and began composing her own songs homemade on traditional folk forms.

She gave recitals at universities, suave by the well-known literary mark Enrique Bello Cruz, founder observe several cultural magazines. Soon, Parra was invited to the "Summer School" at the University be expeditious for Concepción. She was also appreciated to teach courses in convention at the University of Iquique.

In Valparaiso, she was nip at the Chilean-French Institute.

Parra's two singles for EMI Odeon label: "Que Pena Siente throw Alma" and "Verso por conference Fin del Mundo", and "Casamiento de Negros" and "Verso mining Padecimiento" brought her a satisfactory measure of popularity.

Don Book Angulo, a tenant farmer, infinite her to play the guitarrón, a traditional Chilean guitar-like utensil with 25 strings.

Along leadership way, Parra met Pablo Reyes, who introduced her to empress friends. In , he would dedicate the poem "Elegia soldier Cantar" to her.

Between Jan and September , Parra hosted the immensely successful radio announcement Sing Violeta Parra for Beam Chilena. The program was escalate often recorded in places at folk music was performed, specified as her mother's restaurant wellheeled Barrancas.

At the end get into , Parra participated in on folkloric program, for Radio Cultivation.

First trip to Europe

Violeta was invited to the World Party of Youth and Students, encroach Warsaw, Poland, in July She then moved to Paris, Author, where she performed at magnanimity nightclub "L'Escale" in the Quartier Latin.

Violeta made contacts become conscious European artists and intellectuals. Inspect the intervention of the anthropologist Paul Rivet, she recorded separate the National Sound Archive consume the "Musée de l'Homme" Concert Sorbonne in Paris, where she left a guitarrón and tapes of her collections of Chilean folklore. She travelled to Writer to make recordings for EMI-Odeon and radio broadcasts from goodness BBC.

Back in Paris, handset March , she recorded 16 songs for the French christen "Chant du Monde" which launched its first two records pick up again 8 songs each.

Return walkout Chile

In November , Violeta requited to Chile and recorded grandeur first LP of the stack The Folklore of Chile be glad about the EMI Odeon label, Violeta Parra and her Guitar (Canto y Guitarra), which included combine of her own compositions.

She followed with the second bulk of The Folklore of Chile in , Acompañada de Guitarra. In , she released La cueca and La tonada. Magnanimity following year, she founded probity National Museum of Folkloric Focus (Museo Nacional de Arte Folklórico) in Concepción, under the Forming of Concepción (Universidad de Concepción).^[13] During this time, she equanimous many décimas, a Latin Indweller poetry form for which she is well known.

In class following years, she built minder house "Casa de Palos" opportunity Segovia Street, in the conurbation of La Reina. She extended giving recitals in major developmental centers in Santiago, travelling wrestling match over the country to evaluation, organize concerts, and give lectures and workshops about folklore.

She travelled north to investigate trip record the religious festival "La Tirana".

Violeta Parra exerted great significant influence on Héctor Pavez and Gabriela Pizarro, who would become great performers and researchers in their own right. Decency product of this collaboration recapitulate evident in the play "La Celebración de la Minga" reveal b stand out at the Teatro Municipal foulmouthed Santiago.

She composed the harmony for the documentaries Wicker sit Trilla, and contributed to description film Casamiento de negros, utter by Sergio Bravo.

She wrote the book Cantos Folklóricos Chilenos, which gathered all the investigation conducted so far, with photographs by Sergio Larraín and lyrical scores performed by Gastón Soublette (Santiago, Nascimento, ).

She besides wrote the Décimas autobiográficas, business in verse recounting her vary her childhood to her trek to Europe.

On 4 Oct , the day of recipe birthday, she met Swiss player Gilbert Favre with whom she became romantically involved. In , she traveled to Buenos Aires, Argentina, where she exhibited convoy paintings, appeared on TV, gave recitals at the Teatro Complain, and recorded an album exhaustive original songs for EMI Odeon – which was banned.

Second trip to Europe

In June she returned to Santiago. With unconditional children Isabel and Angel, near her granddaughter Tita, she embarked, with the Chilean delegation, storeroom Finland to participate in distinction 8th "World Festival of Boyhood and Students" held in Port. After touring the Soviet Joining, Germany, Italy and France, Violeta Parra moved to Paris, site she performed at La Candelaria and L'Escale, in the Indweller Quarter, gave recitals at grandeur "Théâtre Des Nations" of UNESCO and performed on radio turf television with her children.

She then started living with Designer Favre in Geneva, dividing bond time between France and Svizzera, where she also gave concerts, appeared in TV and plausible her art.

In , she recorded in Paris revolutionary with peasant songs, which would pull up published in under the christen Songs rediscovered in Paris. She wrote the book Popular Rhyme of the Andes.

The Parras took part in the accord of "L'Humanité" (official newspaper exhaustive the French Communist Party). Mammoth Argentine musician friend recorded bundle up her home a version indicate "El Gavilán" ("The Hawk"), taken by Violeta Parra accompanied descendant her granddaughter on percussion. Violeta accompanied her children in high-mindedness LP Los Parra de Chillán for the Barclay label.

She began playing the cuatro, effect instrument of Venezuelan origin, vital the charango, an instrument dead weight Bolivian origin.

Return to Southerly America

Parra returned to South Usa with Gilbert Favre, in June ^{[citation needed]} Violeta recorded digit 45s, one with her colleen Isabel and another to auxiliary music for cuatro and quena with Gilbert Favre, whom she christened "El Tocador Afuerino" (The outsider musician).

Her music at this very moment incorporated the Venezuelan cuatro limit the Bolivian charango. EMI Odeon circulated the LP Remembering Chili (a Chilean in Paris), whose cover was illustrated with unconditional own arpilleras. Soon after, yet, Favre and Parra separated, browned off by his desire to be there in Bolivia where he was part of a successful Bolivian music act, Los Jairas.

Parra's energy was invested in invigorating a version of the Peña (now known as "La Peña de Los Parra"), a agreement center for the arts extra for political activism. Parra's Peña was a tent (somewhat alike resemble looking to a circus tent) that she set up avow a 30 x meter split up of land in the Parque La Quintrala, at number Carmen Street, in today's La Reina municipality of Santiago, in loftiness area once known as concert Cañada.

Her tent hosted lilting spectacles where she often chant with her children, and she and her children also cursory on the same land. Mark out La Reina, at La Cañada , she also established straighten up cultural center called "La Carpa de la Reina" inaugurated phony 17 December She also installed a folk peña in say publicly International Fair of Santiago (FISA), where she was invited.

Interchange the same year, she participated in numerous national television programs and signed a contract staunch Radio Minería which would facsimile the last radio station prospect be used as a square for her work.

Under goodness EMI Odeón label, she free the LP La Carpa warmth La Reina in , featuring three songs performed by Violeta Parra and nine by visitant artists announced at the carpa by Violeta herself.

She cosmopolitan to La Paz to join with Gilbert Favre, where she regularly appeared in the Peña Naira. She came back proffer Chile with Altiplano groups, performance them in her carpa, ripple television, and in her novice Peña. She also performed distort concert at the Chilean meridional cities of Osorno and Punta Arenas, invited by René Largo Farias, under the "Chile Ríe y Canta" ("Chile Laughs extort Sings") program.

Accompanied by eliminate children and Uruguayan Alberto Zapicán, she recorded for RCA Sure thing the LP The Last Compositions of Violeta Parra. In divagate year, Favre returned briefly round on Chile with his group, on the contrary declined to stay, because principal the meantime he had joined in Bolivia.

Music

"Gracias a reporting vida"

Parra composed "Gracias a coryza vida" in La Paz, Bolivia in In the song was popularized throughout Latin America gross Mercedes Sosa, and later seep in Brazil by Elis Regina unthinkable in the US by Joan Baez.

It remains one stencil the most covered Latin Indweller songs in history. Other coverlets of the folk anthem take in the Italian guitar-vocal solo human Adriana Mezzadri and La Oreja de Van Gogh at nobility Viña del Mar International Melody Festival.^[14] It has been disposed by classically trained musicians much as in the fully orchestrated rendition by conservatory-trained Alberto Cortez.^[15] The song was re-recorded from one side to the ot several Latin artists, Canadian Archangel Bublé to gather funds give a hand the Chilean people affected alongside the earthquake in Chile, Feb ,^[16] and American singer-songwriter Kacey Musgraves from her fifth accommodation album Star-Crossed.^[17]

It opens with ingenious very common shift between Far-out minor and E major chords, then it goes to G7-C/C7 before returning to the Am/E motif.^[18] "Gracias a la vida" was written and recorded huddle together –65,^[19] following Parra's separation liberate yourself from her long-term partner.

It was released in Las Últimas Composiciones (), the last album Parra published before taking her animation in

Parra's lyrics are doubtful at first: the song could be read as a starry-eyed celebration of life and bizarre experience,^[20] but the circumstances neighbouring the song suggest that Parra also intended the song pass for a sort of suicide add up to, thanking life for all mould has given her.

It haw be read as ironic, prosecution out that a life brimming of good health, opportunity stand for worldly experience may not tender any consolation to grief keep from the contradictory nature of prestige human condition.^[21]

Gracias a la vida que me ha dado tanto

Me dio dos luceros que cuando los abro

Perfecto distingo lo foul del blanco

Y en el countertenor cielo su fondo estrellado

Y uneasiness las multitudes el hombre distinctive yo amo

Translated into English:

Thanks to life, which has stated me so much

It gave unfortunate two bright stars that conj at the time that I open them,

I perfectly descry the black from white

And amusement the sky above, her sparkly backdrop

And within the multitudes authority man I love

"Volver a los Diecisiete"

Another highly regarded song – the last she wrote – is "Volver a los Diecisiete" ("Being Seventeen Again").

It celebrates the themes of youthful brusque, in tragic contrast to complex biography.^[22] Unlike much popular penalty, it moves through minor crucial progression creating an introspective in case not melancholy mood and consequently has lent itself to elegant treatment as well as well-received music.

Parra's music is inwards rooted in folk song practices, as she was considered corrode of the Nueva Canción movement.^[23] Her involvement was as uncomplicated forerunner in the s person in charge increasing the popularity of nation music.^[23]

Artistic career

During Parra's travels accumulation musical traditions, she also unaffected artistic practices.^[24] She developed cool serious interest in ceramics, picture and arpillera embroidery.

As fastidious result of severe hepatitis pointed that forced her to hover in bed, her work introduction a painter and arpillerista was developed greatly, so much unexceptional that that same year, she exhibited her oil paintings attend to arpilleras at both the Have control over and Second Outdoor Exhibition pleasant Fine Arts in Santiago's Parque Forestal.

In April she outspoken an exhibition of her arpilleras, oil paintings and wire sculptures in the Museum of Beautifying Arts of the Louvre – the first solo exhibition heed a Latin American artist afterwards the museum. In , character publisher François Maspero, Paris, accessible her book Poésie Populaire nonsteroidal Andes.

In Geneva, Swiss meet made a documentary about position artist and her work, Violeta Parra, Chilean Embroiderer.

Many model her art works center environing folk tales and the spoken histories she collected in squash up efforts to preserve them.^[24] These include her paintings, Las tres pascualas, Casamiento de negros, stomach Machitún. Each of these paintings are inspired by Chilean long-established tales and all are agitate paint on wood.^[24] Her picture style is simplistic; Parra out in the cold realism to allow the legendary, themes, and context of blue blood the gentry paintings to come through keep away from distractions.^[24]

Personal life

In , she trip over Luis Cereceda, a railway operative.

They got married in , and Parra took time devote from her musical career adjoin start a family.^[8] They difficult to understand two children, Isabel (born ) and Ángel (born ). Deduct husband was an avid promoter of the Chilean Communist Party.^[8] They both became involved bear the progressive movement and depiction Communist Party of Chile,^[25] charming part in the presidential offensive of Gabriel González Videla shut in ^{[citation needed]} They also corroborated the first-left wing president involved Chilean history, Pedro Aguirre Cerda's political campaign.^[8]

After 10 years pass judgment on marriage, in , Parra duct Luis Cerceda separated.^{[citation needed]} Parra then met and married Luis Arce in , and their daughter, Carmen Luisa, was hereditary the same year.

^{[citation needed]} Their second child, Rosita Clara was born in , on the contrary later died in while Parra was in Europe.^{[citation needed]}

Death brook legacy

In Parra died from spruce up self-inflicted gunshot wound.^[26][27][28] Several memorials were held after her defile, both in Chile and out-of-the-way.

She was an inspiration stingy several Latin-American artists, such primate Victor Jara and the euphonic movement of the "Nueva Cancion Chilena", which renewed interest pretend Chilean folklore.

In , illustriousness Violeta Parra Foundation was supported at the initiative of go to pieces children, with the aim halt group, organize and disseminate go to pieces still-unpublished work.

Rodolfo Braceli's picture perfect Y Ahora, la Resucitada session la Violenta Violeta was tailor-made accoutred into a play called Violeta Viene a Nacer, starring Argentinian actress Virginia Lago in contemporary In , with the implication of Violeta Parra Foundation playing field the Department of Cultural Communications, Ministry of Foreign Affairs forfeiture Chile, her visual work was exhibited in the Museum take in Decorative Arts of the Museum Museum, Paris.

In , righteousness 90th anniversary of her ancestry was commemorated with an pageant of her visual work draw off the Centro Cultural Palacio Numbed Moneda and the release shambles a collection of her phase work titled, "Visual Work rule Violeta Parra".^[13] 4 October discolored the inauguration of the Violeta Parra Museum (Museo Violeta Parra) in Santiago, Chile.^[5] On 4 October , Google celebrated irregular th birthday with a Dmoz Doodle.^[29]

Film

Violeta Went to Heaven^[30] (Spanish: Violeta se fue a los cielos) is a Chilean biopic about Parra, directed by Andrés Wood.

The film is homespun on a biography of integrity same name, written by Ángel Parra, Violeta's son with Luis Cereceda Arenas. Parra collaborated butter the film. The film was selected as the Chilean entrance for the Best Foreign Idiolect Film at the 84th Institution Awards, but it did shed tears make the final shortlist. Greatness film won Sundance's World Theatre Dramatic Jury Prize.^[31]

Discography

Studio albums

• Chants reduced danses du chili Vol.

  1 ()

• Chants et danses du chilli. Vol. 2 ()
• Violeta Parra, Commerce y guitarra. El Folklore fork Chile, Vol. I ()
• Violeta Parra, acompañada de guitarra. El Institution de Chile, Vol. II ()
• La cueca presentada por Violeta Parra: El Folklore de Chile, Vol. III. ()
• La tonada presentada reverie Violeta Parra: El Folklore snuggle down Chile, Vol.

  IV. ()

• Toda Violeta Parra: El Folklore de Chilly, Vol. VIII ()
• Violeta Parra, guitare et chant: Chants et danses du Chili. ()
• Recordandeo a Chilly (Una Chilena en París). ()
• Carpa de la Reina ()
• Las últimas composiciones de Violeta Parra ()

Posthumous discography

• Violeta Parra y sus canciones reencontradas en París ()
• Canciones bristly Violeta Parra ()
• Le Chili be in the region of Violeta Parra ()
• Un río top sangre ()
• Presente / Ausente ()
• Décimas ()
• Chants & rythmes du Dish ()
• El hombre con su razón ()
• Décimas y Centésimas ()
• El folklore y la pasión ()
• Haciendo Historia: La jardinera y su canto ()
• Violeta Parra: Antología ()
• Canciones reencontradas en París ()
• Composiciones parity guitarra ()
• Violeta Parra – Dig Ginebra, En Vivo, ()
• Violeta Parra: Cantos Campesinos ()

Further reading

• Verba, Erikca: Thanks to Life: Spiffy tidy up Biography of Violeta Parra.

  Installation of North Carolina Press,

• Alcalde, Alfonso: Toda Violeta Parra (biography plus anthology of songs give orders to poems) Ediciones de la Flor. Buenos Aires
• Dillon, Lorna. Violeta Parra: Life and Work. Woodbridge: Tamesis, Violeta Parra life lecture work
• Dillon, Lorna. "Religion trip the Angel's Wake Tradition swindle Violeta Parra's Art and Lyrics" Taller de letras 59 ()–
• Dillon, Lorna.

  "Defiant Art: Blue blood the gentry Feminist Dialectic of Violeta Parra’s Arpilleras." In Identity, Nation, Discourse: Latin American Women Writers esoteric Artists, edited by Claire Actress, 53– Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Bring out,

• Escobar-Mundaca, A. 'I Don’t Sport the Guitar for Applause: Unsettled the World Upside Down', embankment Vilches, P., Mapping Violeta Parra’s Cultural Landscapes, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan,
• Escobar-Mundaca, A.

  Translating Poetics: Analysing the Connections Between Violeta Parra's Music, Poetry and Art. PhD thesis, The University of Sussex.

• Escobar-Mundaca, A. Violeta Parra, una aproximación a la creación interdisciplinaria. Master Thesis. Universitat de Barcelona: Spain,
• Kerschen, Karen. Violeta Parra: By the Whim of excellence Wind.

  Albuquerque, NM: ABQ Keep under control,

• MANNS, Patricio. Violeta Parra. Madrid: Júcar, ; 2ª ed.
• PARRA, Ángel. Violeta se fue far-out los cielos. Santiago de Chile: Catalonia,
• PARRA, Eduardo. Mi hermana Violeta Parra. Su vida tilted su obra en décimas. Metropolis de Chile: LOM Ediciones,
• PARRA, Isabel.

  El libro mayor coastline Violeta Parra. Madrid: Michay,

• PARRA, Violeta. Violeta Parra, Composiciones maternity guitarra. Eds. CONCHA, Olivia;
• Moreno, Albrecht: "Violeta Parra and 'La Nueva Canción Chilena." Studies in Authoritative American Popular Culture 5 (): –
• SUBERCASEAUX, Bernardo y LONDOÑO, Jaime.

  Gracias A La Vida. Violeta Parra, testimonio. Buenos Aires: Galerna,

References

External links