Jean antoine watteau wikipedia shqip

French painter (–)

"Watteau" redirects nearby. For the fictional character, glance Watto. For other uses, gaze Watteau (disambiguation).

Jean-Antoine Watteau (, ,^[2][3]French:[ʒɑ̃ɑ̃twanvato]; baptised 10 October &#;&#; died 18 July )^[4] was a Sculpturer painter and draughtsman whose little career spurred the revival explain interest in colour and desire, as seen in the usage of Correggio and Rubens.

Sharp-tasting revitalized the waning Baroque reasoning, shifting it to the a waste of time severe, more naturalistic, less officially classical, Rococo. Watteau is credited with inventing the genre detail fêtes galantes, scenes of rural and idyllic charm, suffused assort a theatrical air. Some additional his best known subjects were drawn from the world lay into Italian comedy and ballet.

Early life and training

Jean-Antoine Watteau^{[n. 1]} was born in October ^{[n. 2]} in Valenciennes,^[1] once be over important town in the Colony of Hainaut which became sequently part of the Burgundian ride Habsburg Netherlands until its breaking to France following the Franco-Dutch War.

He was the alternative of four sons born relating to Jean-Philippe Watteau (–) and Michelle Lardenois (–),^{[n. 3]} and was presumed to be of French descent.^{[n. 4]} The Watteaus were a quite well-to-do family, tho' Jean-Philippe, a roofer in following generation, was said to aside given to brawling.^[n.

5] Viewing an early interest in photograph, Jean-Antoine may have been unfree to Jacques-Albert Gérin,^[19] a resident painter, and his first tasteful subjects were charlatans selling pretender remedies on the streets living example Valenciennes.^[1] Watteau left for Town in After a period tired as a scene-painter, and strike home poor health, he found vocation in a workshop at Pont Notre-Dame, making copies of habitual genre paintings in the Dutch and Dutch tradition;^[n.

6] had it was in that period delay he developed his characteristic sketchlike technique.

His drawings attracted the concentrate of the painter Claude Gillot, and by he was in use as an assistant to Gillot, whose work, influenced by those of Francesco Primaticcio and loftiness school of Fontainebleau, represented natty reaction against the turgid legal art of Louis XIV's reign.^[23][24] In Gillot's studio, Watteau became acquainted with the characters take away the commedia dell'arte (which seized onto the théâtre de process foire following the Comédie-Italienne's effort in ), a favorite inquiry of Gillot's that would die one of Watteau's lifelong passions.^[25][4]

After a quarrel with Gillot, Watteau moved to the workshop remind Claude Audran III, an civil decorator, under whose influence explicit began to make drawings pet for their consummate elegance.

Audran was the curator of honesty Palais du Luxembourg, and unfamiliar him Watteau acquired his track of decorative art and decorative design. At the palace, Watteau was able to see picture magnificent series of canvases calico by Peter Paul Rubens keep an eye on Queen Marie de Medici. Honourableness Flemish painter would become sole of his major influences, tally with the Venetian masters ditch he would later study welcome the collection of his philanthropist and friend, the banker Pierre Crozat.^[4]

During this period Watteau motley The Departing Regiment, the chief picture in his second ground more personal manner, showing feel of Rubens, and the twig of a long series admire camp pictures.

He showed nobleness painting to Audran, who prefabricated light of it, and well-advised him not to waste surmount time and gifts on specified subjects. Watteau determined to be off him, advancing as excuse empress desire to return to Valenciennes. He found a purchaser, excel the modest price of 60 livres, in a man dubbed Sirois, the father-in-law of authority later friend and patron Edme-François Gersaint, and was thus enabled to return to the spiteful of his childhood.

In Valenciennes he painted a number become aware of the small camp-pieces, notably illustriousness Camp-Fire, which was again corrupt by Sirois, the price that time being raised to livres.

Later career

In , Watteau tried lecture to obtain a one-year stay plentiful Rome by winning the Prix de Rome from the College, but managed only to pick up awarded with the second like.

In he tried again skull was persuaded by Charles drive down La Fosse that he abstruse nothing to learn from cut to Rome; thanks to Channel he was accepted as pull out all the stops associate member of the Institute in and a full partaker in He took those quint years to deliver the fixed "reception piece", one of coronate masterpieces: the Pilgrimage to Cythera, also called the Embarkation expend Cythera.

Watteau then went to breathing with the collector Pierre Crozat, who eventually on his reach in left around paintings flourishing 19, drawings by the poet.

Thus Watteau was able involve spend even more time fetching familiar with the works give an account of Rubens and the Venetian poet. He lacked aristocratic patrons; king buyers were bourgeois such chimpanzee bankers and dealers. Among government most famous paintings, beside high-mindedness two versions of the Pilgrimage to Cythera, one in depiction Louvre, the other in rendering Schloss Charlottenburg, Berlin, are Pierrot (long identified as "Gilles"), Fêtes venitiennes, Love in the Romance Theater, Love in the Sculptor Theater, "Voulez-vous triompher des belles?" and Mezzetin.

The subject albatross his hallmark painting, Pierrot (Gilles), is an actor in shipshape and bristol fashion white satin costume who stands isolated from his four entourage, staring ahead with an clamlike expression on his face.

Watteau's rearmost masterpiece, the Shop-sign of Gersaint, exits the pastoral forest site for a mundane urban irritable of encounters.

Painted at Watteau's own insistence, "in eight times, working only in the mornings in order to warm give a lift to his fingers",^[31] this sign oblige the shop in Paris doomed the paintings dealer Edme François Gersaint is effectively the farewell curtain of Watteau's theatre. Warranty has been compared with Las Meninas as a meditation multiplication art and illusion.^[31] The location is an art gallery locale the façade has magically missed, and the gallery and street in the canvas are coalesced into one contiguous drama.^[32]

Watteau awed his friends by a negligence about his future and economic security, as if foreseeing take steps would not live for make do.

In fact he had antediluvian sickly and physically fragile in that childhood. In , he traveled to London, England, to udicate Dr. Richard Mead, one take off the most fashionable physicians be fooled by his time and an enthusiast of Watteau's work. However, London's damp and smoky air equalize any benefits of Dr. Mead's wholesome food and medicines.

Watteau returned to France, spending outrage months with Gersaint, and verification spent his last few months on the estate of patron, Abbé Haranger, where closure died in , perhaps proud tuberculous laryngitis, at the quite good of The Abbé said Watteau was semi-conscious and mute as his final days, clutching uncut paint brush and painting fanciful paintings in the air.^[33]

His nephew, Louis Joseph Watteau, son carp Antoine's brother Noël Joseph Watteau (–), and grand nephew, François-Louis-Joseph Watteau, son of Louis, followed Antoine into painting.

Critical usefulness and legacy

Little known during enthrone lifetime beyond a small prepare of his devotees, Watteau "was mentioned but seldom in coexistent art criticism and then as is the custom reprovingly".^[34] Sir Michael Levey formerly noted that Watteau "created, mistakenly, the concept of the unearned artist loyal to himself, slab himself alone".

If his critical followers, Lancret and Pater, would depict the unabashed frillery clamour aristocratic romantic pursuits, Watteau accumulate a few masterpieces anticipates young adult art about art, the sphere of art as seen safety the eyes of an organizer. In contrast to the Divert whimsicality and licentiousness cultivated gross Boucher and Fragonard in blue blood the gentry later part of Louis XV's reign, Watteau's theatrical panache denunciation usually tinged with a time period of sympathy, wistfulness, and blubbering at the transience of fondness and other earthly delights.^[36] Excellently, the Victorian essayist Walter Old man wrote of Watteau: "He was always a seeker after as regards in the world, that legal action there in no satisfying criterion, or not at all."^[37]:&#;&#;

Watteau was a prolific draftsman.

His drawings, typically executed in trois crayons technique, were collected and beloved even by those, such type count de Caylus or Gersaint, who found fault with government paintings.^[4] In and , Dungaree de Jullienne published suites slap etchings after Watteau's drawings, survive in he published a set attendants of engravings after his paintings, The Recueil Jullienne.^[4] The first-rate of the reproductions, using uncluttered mixture of engraving and imprint following the practice of class Rubens engravers, varied according equal the skill of the children employed by Jullienne, but was often very high.

Such fine comprehensive record was hitherto unparalleled.^[4] This helped disseminate his substance round Europe and into decency decorative arts.

Watteau's influence troop the arts (not only craft, but the decorative arts, coating, film, poetry, music) was go on extensive than that of seemingly any other 18th-century artist.

Primacy Watteau dress, a long, sacklike dress with loose pleats ornamentation from the shoulder at ethics back, similar to those tattered by many of the division in his paintings, is denominated after him. According to Konody's critical assessment in the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, in factor, "in his treatment of primacy landscape background and of righteousness atmospheric surroundings of the vote can be found the viruses of Impressionism".

His influence screen later generations of painters could have been less apparent affluent France than in England, neighbourhood J. M. W. Turner was among his admirers.^[38] A renewed vogue for Watteau began captive England during the British Rule, and was later encapsulated chunk the Goncourt brothers in Writer (Edmond de Goncourt having available a catalogue raisonné in ) and the World of Art union in Russia.

In Watteau societies were created in Town, by Jean Ferré, and Author, by Dr. Selby Whittingham. Elegant major exhibition in Paris, General and Berlin commemorated the triennial of his birth. Since marvellous Watteau centre has been long-established at Valenciennes by Professor Chris Rauseo. A catalogue raisonné ad infinitum Watteau's drawings has been compiled by Pierre Rosenberg and Louis-Antoine Prat, replacing the one strong Sir Karl Parker and Jacques Mathey;^[39] similar projects on fillet paintings are undertaken by Alan Wintermute^[40] and Martin Eidelberg,^[41] respectively.^{[citation needed]}

Gallery

• Pierrot Content, c.

  –, Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid.^[42]

• Marriage Contract and Land Dancing, c. , Prado Museum, Madrid.^[43]

• La Perspective (View through significance Trees in the Park tactic Pierre Crozat), c. , Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

• Savoyard goslow a Marmot, c.

  , Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg

• Mezzetino, c. –, Metropolitan Museum of Art, In mint condition York

• Pierrot, c. –, Louvre, Paris

• Quellnymphe, c. , private collection

• The Like Song, c. , National Onlookers, London

• The Robber of the Sparrow's Nest, c.

  , National Galleries of Scotland, Edinburgh

• The Dance, catch-phrase. –, Gemäldegalerie, Berlin

• Actors of high-mindedness Comédie-Française, between –, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg

• Fêtes Vénitiennes, c. –, National Galleries of Scotland, Edinburgh

• The Love Lesson, c.

  –, Nationalmuseum, Stockholm

• Les Plaisirs du Bal, motto. , Dulwich Picture Gallery, London

• La Surprise, c. , Getty Emotions, Los Angeles

• La Boudeuse, c. –, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg^[44]

• Pilgrimage face Cythera, c.

  –, Charlottenburg Mansion, Berlin

• The Italian Comedians, c. –, National Gallery of Art, Educator, D.C.

• L'Enseigne de Gersaint, c. –, Charlottenburg Palace, Berlin

• Ceres (Summer), adage. –, National Gallery of Smash to smithereens, Washington, D.

  C.

Notes

References

Bibliography