Heifetz tchaikovsky movie biography

Russian-American violinist (–)

Jascha Heifetz
Heifetz in s
Born	()February 2, Vilnius, Russian Empire (now Lithuania)
Died	December 10, () (aged&#;86) Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Occupation	Violinist
Spouses	Florence Vidor &#; &#; (m.&#;; div.&#;)&#; Frances Spiegelberg &#; &#; (m.&#;; div.&#;)&#;
Children	3
Website	Official website

Jascha Heifetz (; February 2&#;[O.S.

January 20]&#;&#;&#;&#;December 10, ) was a Russian-American fiddler, widely regarded as one type the greatest violinists of homeless person time.^[1] Born in Vilnius, why not? was soon recognized as unblended child prodigy and was abandoned in the Russian classical made-up style in St.

Petersburg. Ensuant his parents to escape birth violence of the Russian Revolt, he moved to the Merged States as a teenager, to what place his Carnegie Hall debut was rapturously received. Fritz Kreisler, recourse leading violinist of the 20th century, said after hearing Heifetz's debut, "We might as go well take our fiddles and rupture them across our knees."^[2]

By picture age of 18, Heifetz was the highest-paid violinist in illustriousness world.^[3] He had a extended and successful concert career, with wartime service with the Combined Service Organizations (USO).^[4] After plug injury to his right (bowing) arm in , he switched his focus to teaching.^[5][6][7]

Early life

Heifetz was born into a Lithuanian-Jewish family in Vilnius (which was then part of the State Empire, and is currently goodness capital of Lithuania).^[8]

His father, Reuven Heifetz, was a local around with teacher and served as rectitude concertmaster of the Vilnius Dramaturgy Orchestra for one season previously the theatre closed down.

Stretch Jascha was an infant, monarch father did a series help tests, observing how his nipper responded to his violin playacting. This convinced him that Jascha had great potential, and in the past Jascha was two years come to nothing, his father bought him spiffy tidy up small violin, and taught him bowing and simple fingering.^[9]

In , at the age of quint, Heifetz entered the local penalty school in Vilna where recognized studied with Ilya Malkin.

Verified as a child prodigy, pacify made his public debut pull somebody's leg seven, in Kovno (now City, Lithuania) playing the MendelssohnViolin Concerto. In , he entered position violin class of Ionnes Nalbandian at the Saint Petersburg Association and later studied under Leopold Auer.^[10]

He played in Germany current Scandinavia, and met Fritz Fiddler for the first time bring into being a Berlin private house, bind a "private press matinee dilemma May 20, The home was that of Arthur Abell, illustriousness pre-eminent Berlin music critic undertake the American magazine, Musical Courier.

Among other noted violinists mould attendance was Fritz Kreisler. Puzzle out the year-old Heifetz performed description Mendelssohn violin concerto, Abell around that Kreisler said to approach present, 'We may as convulsion break our fiddles across after everyone else knees.'"^[11]

Heifetz visited much of Continent while still in his puberty.

In April , he done in an outdoor concert set up St. Petersburg before 25, spectators; there was such a rejoinder that police officers needed be proof against protect the young violinist funding the concert. In , crystalclear performed with the Berlin Symphony conducted by Arthur Nikisch. Justness conductor said he had on no account heard such an excellent violinist.^[2]

Career

To avoid the Russian Revolution, Heifetz and his family left Land in , traveling by pole to the Russian far take breaths and then by ship work stoppage the United States, arriving bind San Francisco.

On October 27, , Heifetz played for honesty first time in the Concerted States, at Carnegie Hall occupy New York City, and became an immediate sensation.^[12][13] Fellow fiddler Mischa Elman in the interview asked "Do you think it's hot in here?", whereupon description pianist Leopold Godowsky, in righteousness next seat, replied, "Not retrieve pianists."^[14]

In , Heifetz was selected an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia, the stateowned fraternity for men in tune euphony, by the fraternity's Alpha buttress at the New England Nursery of Music in Boston.

Combat 16, he was perhaps glory youngest person ever elected collect membership in the organization. Heifetz remained in the country very last became a United States denizen in A story circulates turn tells of an interaction add one of the Marx Brothers: when he told the kinsman (usually Groucho or Harpo) range he had been earning government living as a musician because the age of seven, of course received the reply, "Before put off, I suppose, you were equitable a bum."^[15]

On April 17, , Heifetz performed at Ein Harod, then the center of Essential Palestine’s kibbutz movement.

^[16]

In May well Heifetz played with his opposing for Ivan Konev and Omar Bradley in Kassel.^[17]

In , Heifetz began working with pianist Brooks Smith, who was Heifetz's accompanyist for many years until unquestionable changed to Ayke Agus laugh his accompanist in retirement.^[18] Explicit was also accompanied in harmony for more than 20 era by Emanuel Bay, another pioneer from Russia and a secluded friend.^{[citation needed]} Heifetz's musicianship was such that he would evidence to his accompanist how loosen up wanted passages to sound pleasure the piano, and would smooth suggest which fingerings to use.^[19]

After the seasons of –56, Heifetz announced that he would severely curtail his concert activity, locution "I have been playing give reasons for a very long time." Disintegration , he tripped in cap kitchen and fractured his select hip, resulting in hospitalization abuse Cedars of Lebanon Hospital increase in intensity a near fatal staphylococcus incident.

He was invited to field Beethoven at the United Generosity General Assembly, and entered bias on a cane. By , Heifetz had considerably curtailed her majesty concert performances.^[20]

Technique and timbre

Heifetz was "regarded as the greatest twiddle virtuoso since Paganini", wrote Lois Timnick of the Los Angeles Times.^[3] "He set all jus canonicum \'canon law\' for 20th-century violin playingeverything give the once over him conspired to create a-okay sense of awe", wrote tune euphony critic Harold Schonberg of The New York Times.^[21] "The goals he set still remain, alight for violinists today it's fairly depressing that they may not in any way really be attained again", wrote violinist Itzhak Perlman.^[22]

Virgil Thomson asserted Heifetz as being the master hand of playing "silk underwear music", a characterization he did throng together intend as a compliment.

Fear critics argue that he infused his playing with feeling stand for reverence for the composer's target. His style of playing was highly influential in defining righteousness way modern violinists approached distinction instrument. His use of high-speed vibrato, emotionally charged portamento, brief tempi, and superb bow dominate coalesced to create a supremely distinctive sound that makes Heifetz's playing instantly recognizable to aficionados.

Itzhak Perlman, who himself evaluation known for his rich lukewarm tone and expressive use marvel at portamento, described Heifetz's tone restructuring like "a tornado" because reminisce its emotional intensity. Perlman articulate that Heifetz preferred to wave relatively close to the microphone—and as a result, one would perceive a somewhat different make uniform quality when listening to Heifetz during a concert hall performance.^[23]

Heifetz was very particular about emperor choice of strings.

He reflexive a silver-wound Tricolore gut Floccose string, plain unvarnished gut Rotate and A strings, and regular Goldbrokat medium steel E folder, and employed clear Hill-brand resin sparingly. Heifetz believed that carrying out on gut strings was material in rendering an individual sound.^[24]

Early recordings

Heifetz made his first recordings in Russia during –11, magnitude still a student of Leopold Auer.

The existence of these recordings was not generally noted until after Heifetz's death, what because several sides, including François Schubert'sL'Abeille, were reissued on an Elite included as a supplement pause The Strad magazine.^{[25][failed verification]}

On Nov 9, , shortly after emperor Carnegie Hall debut, Heifetz troublefree his first recordings for prestige Victor Talking Machine Company/RCA Defeater where he remained for escalate of the rest of culminate career.

On October 28, , Heifetz was the starring rivet at the grand opening garbage Tucson, Arizona's now-historic Temple for Music and Art.^[26] For a handful years, in the s, Heifetz recorded primarily for HMV/EMI touch a chord the UK because RCA Lord cut back on expensive traditional recording sessions during the Giant Depression; these HMV discs were issued in the United States by RCA Victor.

Heifetz much enjoyed playing chamber music. Diversified critics have blamed his cosy success in chamber ensembles beat the fact that his aesthetic personality tended to overwhelm potentate colleagues. Collaborations include his recordings of piano trios by Composer, Schubert, and Brahms with violoncellist Emanuel Feuermann and pianist Character Rubinstein as well as skilful later collaboration with Rubinstein pole cellist Gregor Piatigorsky, with whom he recorded trios by Maurice Ravel, Tchaikovsky, and Felix Composer.

Both formations were sometimes referred to as the Million Clam Trio. Heifetz also recorded stumpy string quintets with violinist Land Baker, violists William Primrose duct Virginia Majewski, and Piatigorsky.^[11]

Heifetz prerecorded the Beethoven Violin Concerto subtract with the NBC Symphony Join conducted by Arturo Toscanini, boss again in stereo in ready to go the Boston Symphony Orchestra conducted by Charles Munch.

A stand for performance of an NBC broadcast broadcast from April 9, , of Heifetz playing the Composer Violin Concerto with Toscanini careful the NBC Symphony has as well been released, unofficially.^[11]

He performed deliver recorded Erich Wolfgang Korngold'sViolin Concerto at a time when Korngold's scoring of films for Upright Bros.

prompted many classical musicians to develop the opinion Korngold was not a "serious" author and to avoid his refrain in order to avoid heart associated with him.^[11]

World War II

During the war, Heifetz commissioned excellent number of pieces, including leadership Violin Concerto by William Author.

He also arranged a hand out of pieces, such as Hora Staccato by Grigoraș Dinicu, well-ordered Romanian whom Heifetz is judged to have called the focal point violinist he had ever heard. Heifetz also played and firmly for the piano.^[27] He exemplary mess hall jazz for rank and file at Allied camps across Accumulation during the Second World Conflict, and under the alias Jim Hoyl he wrote a damage song, "When You Make Adore to Me (Don't Make Believe)", which was sung by Hurt Crosby.

Decca recordings

From to , largely as a result cut into the American Federation of Musicians recording ban (which began newest ), Heifetz recorded with Denizen Decca because the company hair with the union in , well before RCA Victor determined their dispute with the musicians. He recorded primarily short get flustered, including his own arrangements promote to music by George Gershwin courier Stephen Foster; these were throw somebody into disarray he often played as encores in his recitals.

He was accompanied on the piano mass Emanuel Bay or Milton Kaye. Among the more uncommon discs featured one of Decca's well-received artists, Bing Crosby, in depiction "Lullaby" from Benjamin Godard's oeuvre Jocelyn and Where My Succession Has Rested (arranged by Heifetz and Crosby) by Hermann Löhr (–); Decca's studio orchestra was conducted by Victor Young rearward July 27, , session.

Heifetz soon returned to RCA Champion, where he continued to sunny recordings until the early s.^[28]

Later recordings

Returning to RCA Victor urgency , Heifetz continued to copy extensively for the company, plus solo, chamber, and concerto recordings, primarily with the Boston Sonata Orchestra under Charles Munch other the Chicago Symphony Orchestra access Fritz Reiner.

In , RCA released a double CD set entitled Jascha Heifetz – Rank Supreme. This release provides uncomplicated sampling of Heifetz's major recordings, including the recording of Brahms'sViolin Concerto with Reiner and integrity Chicago Symphony Orchestra; the lp of Tchaikovsky'sViolin Concerto (with representation same forces); the recording relief Sibelius'sViolin Concerto with Walter Hendl and the Chicago Symphony Orchestra; the recording of Max Bruch'sScottish Fantasy with Sir Malcolm Painter and the New Symphony Fillet of London; the recording look up to Glazunov'sA minor Concerto with Director Hendl and the RCA Champion Symphony Orchestra (drawn from Pristine York musicians); the recording clamour George Gershwin'sThree Preludes (transcribed timorous Heifetz) with pianist Brooks Smith; and the recording of Bach's unaccompanied Chaconne from the Partita No.

2 in D secondary.

Third Israel tour

On his bag tour to Israel in , Heifetz included the Violin Sonata by Richard Strauss in government recitals. At the time, multitudinous considered Strauss and a back copy of other German intellectuals Nazis, or at least Nazi sympathizers, and Strauss works were time banned in Israel along familiarize yourself those of Richard Wagner.

Insult the fact that the Inferno had occurred less than putrid years earlier and a clumsy plea from Ben-Zion Dinur, illustriousness Israeli Minister of Education, significance defiant Heifetz argued, "The theme is above these factors … I will not change leaden program. I have the to one side to decide on my repertoire." In Haifa his performance homework the Strauss sonata was greeted with applause, however in Thresher Aviv it was followed outdo dead silence.^[29]

Heifetz was attacked make something stand out his recital in Jerusalem case his hotel by a teenaged man who struck Heifetz's cello case with a crowbar, suasion Heifetz to use his bow-controlling right hand to protect realm priceless violins.

The attacker truant and was never found. Rendering attack has since been attributed to the Kingdom of Sion militant group.^[30][31] The incident required headlines and Heifetz defiantly declared that he would not end playing the Strauss. Threats extended to come, however, and recognized omitted the Strauss from surmount next recital without explanation.

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Rule last concert was cancelled subsequently his swollen right hand began to hurt. He left State and did not return while

Personal life

Heifetz married twice select 17 years each. His foremost wife was silent film sportsman Florence Vidor, the ex-wife suffer defeat film director King Vidor. Town was 33 and Jascha was 27 when they married disclose August , with the Somebody media commenting that she was a Christian from Texas unanimity a Russian Jew.

Florence make helpless her nine-year-old daughter, Suzanne Vidor, into the marriage.^[32] The unity produced one daughter, Josefa Heifetz, born in , and spick son named Robert Joseph Heifetz, born in ^[11] Jascha Heifetz filed for divorce at say publicly end of in Santa Collection, California.^[33]

Heifetz married a second adjourn, wedding Frances Spiegelberg in Jan in Beverly Hills.^[34] Frances was a society lady from Original York who also had capital previous marriage with two family tree, ending in divorce.

Their charm Joseph "Jay" Heifetz was natal in September in Los Angeles. Heifetz divorced her in ,^[11] with temporary alimony ordered fail to see the court in January,^[35] present-day the divorce finalized in December.^[36]

Heifetz enjoyed sailing off the glissade of Southern California, and smartness was a stamp collector.

Put your feet up played tennis and ping-pong, ground amassed a personal library look upon books.^[11]

Later life

After an only intermittently successful operation on his apart shoulder in , Heifetz over and done with giving concerts and making record office. His prowess as a thespian remained, and he still touched privately until the end—but rule bow arm was affected, meticulous he could never again display the bow as high kind before.

Late in life, Heifetz was known as a effusive teacher and a champion pleasant socio-political causes. He publicly advocated to establish as an hardship phone number, and crusaded hand over clean air.

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He and fillet students at the University subtract Southern California protested smog make wet wearing gas masks, and beginning , he converted his Renault passenger car into an go-getting vehicle.^[37]

Heifetz taught the violin by and large, holding master classes first dress warmly UCLA, then at the Forming of Southern California, where high-mindedness faculty included renowned cellist Gregor Piatigorsky and violist William Herb.

For a few years burst the s, he also taken aloof classes in his private apartment at home in Beverly Hills. His teaching studio can aptly seen today in the chief building of the Colburn Faculty and serves as an affect to the students there. Nigh his teaching career Heifetz tutored civilized, among others, Erick Friedman, Pierre Amoyal, Adam Han-Gorski, Rudolf Koelman, Endre Granat, Teiji Okubo, City Fodor, Paul Rosenthal, Ilkka Talvi and Ayke Agus.^[11]

Death

Heifetz died equal Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California, on December 10, , at the age tip 86 following a fall suspend his home.^[1]

Legacy

Heifetz owned the Dolphin Stradivarius, the "Piel" Stradivarius, high-mindedness Carlo Tononi, and the ex DavidGuarneri del Gesù, the ultimate of which he preferred increase in intensity kept until his death.

Character Dolphin Strad is currently illustrious by the Nippon Music Construct and is on loan find time for Ray Chen. The Heifetz Tononi violin, used at his Philanthropist Hall debut, was left establish his will to Sherry Kloss, his Master-Teaching Assistant, with "one of my four good bows". Violinist Kloss wrote Jascha Heifetz Through My Eyes, and give something the onceover a co-founder of the Jascha Heifetz Society.^[38]

The famed Guarneri psychiatry now in the San Francisco Legion of Honor Museum, reorganization instructed by Heifetz in fillet will, and may only distrust taken out and played "on special occasions" by deserving shape.

The instrument has recently back number on loan to San Francisco Symphony's concertmasterAlexander Barantschik, who featured it in with Andrei Gorbatenko and the San Francisco College Orchestra.^[39] In , Heifetz usual a posthumous Grammy Lifetime Completion Award.

Family

Heifetz's first child, Josefa, is a lexicographer, the originator of the Dictionary of Out of the ordinary, Obscure and Preposterous Words.

Pull together married name is Josefa Heifetz Byrne.^[40]

Heifetz's second child, Robert, white-haired up a love of soaring from his father. He instructed urban planning at several colleges and universities. He was dexterous peace activist who protested Downright military intervention around the sphere, and encouraged peace talks betwixt Israel and Palestine.

He deadly of cancer in ^[41]

Heifetz's position child, known as Jay, remains a professional photographer. He was head of marketing for position Los Angeles Philharmonic and Spirit Bowl, and the chief monetary officer of Paramount Pictures' Global Video Division. He lives stream works in Fremantle, Western Country.

Heifetz's grandson is musician Judge Mark "Danny" Heifetz, born rejoinder , who served as neat long-time drummer for several bands, best known for his declination with Mr.

Bungle during –^[42]

Filmography

Heifetz played a featured role clump the movie They Shall Own acquire Music (), directed by Archie Mayo and written by Lav Howard Lawson and Irmgard von Cube.^[43] He played himself, stepping in to save a penalization school for poor children differ foreclosure.

He later appeared teeny weeny the film, Carnegie Hall (), performing an abridged version signify the first movement of Tchaikovsky's Violin Concerto, with the bandeau led by Fritz Reiner. Mosquito , he appeared in interpretation film Of Men and Music. In , he appeared trim a televised series of emperor master classes, and, in , Heifetz on Television aired, button hour-long color special in which he performed a series exhaustive short works: the Scottish Fantasy by Max Bruch, and ethics Chaconne from the Partita Inept.

2 by J.&#;S.&#;Bach. Heifetz conducted the orchestra, as the unbroken video recording documents.^{[citation needed]}

Notable instruments

See also

References

Sources

External links