Thomi muhammad yunus biography

Chief Adviser of Bangladesh thanks to

For other people with homogenous names, see Mohammad Yunus.

Muhammad Yunus^[a] (born 28 June ) obey a Bangladeshi economist, entrepreneur, public servant, and civil society leader, who has been serving as Honcho Adviser of the Interim Direction of Bangladesh since 8 Revered ^[1] Yunus was awarded say publicly Nobel Peace Prize in help out founding the Grameen Bank stream pioneering the concepts of microcredit and microfinance.^[2] Yunus has old-fashioned several other national and universal honors, including the United States Presidential Medal of Freedom recovered and the Congressional Gold Star in ^[3] Yunus is companionship of only seven people pretend the world to have ordinary all of these awards.

In , Yunus became Chancellor be snapped up Glasgow Caledonian University in Scotland, a position he held awaiting ^[4][5] Previously, he was grand professor of economics at Port University in Bangladesh.^[6] He available several books related to reward finance work.

He is clever founding board member of Grameen America and Grameen Foundation, which support microcredit.^[7] Yunus also served on the board of charge of the United Nations Core, a public charity to posterior UN causes, from to ^[8] In , he partnered catch on Global Esports Federation as percentage of the Esports for Transaction (E4D) movement to support greatness development of Esports.^[9][10]

Following the throw of Sheikh Hasina, President Mohammad Shahabuddin gave Yunus a territory to form an interim deliver a verdict, acceding to calls from follower leaders for his appointment.^[11] Climax government has appointed a Radical Reform Commission to draft first-class revision to the Constitution good buy Bangladesh and has pledged position convocation of a constituent assembly.^[12] His acquittal on appeal distinction following day of charges hill labour code violations, which were viewed as politically motivated, facilitated his return to the homeland and appointment.^[13] His name was listed in The Most Meaningful Muslims in ^[14]

Early life elitist education

Early years

The third of ennead children,^[15] Muhammad Yunus was natural on 28 June to marvellous Bengali family of MuslimSaudagars focal the village of Bathua, wishy-washy the Kaptai road at Hathazari in the Chittagong District uphold Bengal Presidency (now in Bangladesh).^[16][17] His father was Haji Muhammad Dula Mia Soudagar, a jeweler, and his mother was Sufia Khatun.

His early childhood was spent in the village. Tag , his family moved assessment the city of Chittagong, captain he moved from his commune school to Lamabazar Primary School.^[16][18] By , his mother was afflicted with psychological illness.^[17] Afterward, he passed the matriculation investigation from Chittagong Collegiate School trainee 16th of 39, students cage East Pakistan.^[18] During his educational institution years, he was an willful Boy Scout, and travelled anticipate West Pakistan and India breach , and to Canada necessitate to attend Jamborees.^[18] Later, deeprooted Yunus was studying at City College, he became active bind cultural activities and won credit for drama.^[18] In , prohibited enrolled in the Department adequate Economics at Dhaka University innermost completed his BA in obscure MA in ^[19][20]

After graduation

After enthrone graduation, Yunus joined the Department of Economics as a enquiry assistant to the economics researches of Nurul Islam and Rehman Sobhan.^[18] Later, he was ordained lecturer in economics in Metropolis College in ^[18] During ramble time, he also set reinvigorate a profitable packaging factory unremitting the side.^[17] In , closure received a Fulbright scholarship know study in the United States.

He obtained his PhD block economics from the Vanderbilt Hospital Graduate Program in Economic Method (GPED) in ^[21][22] From succeed to , Yunus was the report professor of economics at Centre Tennessee State University in Murfreesboro.^[19][20]

During the Bangladesh Liberation War keep , Yunus founded a citizen's committee and ran the Bangladesh Information Center, with other Bangladeshis in the United States, seat raise support for liberation.^[18] Prohibited also published the Bangladesh Newsletter from his home in Nashville.

After the War, he shared to Bangladesh and was allotted to the government's Planning Organizartion headed by Nurul Islam. Nevertheless, he found the job categorical and resigned to join Port University as head of righteousness Economics department.^[23] After observing rectitude famine of , he became involved in poverty reduction suggest established a rural economic protocol as a research project.

Underside , he developed a Nabajug Tebhaga Khamar (lit.&#;'New Era Three-share Farm') which the government adoptive as the Packaged Input Programme.^[18] To make the project build on effective, Yunus and his membership proposed the Gram Sarkar (lit.&#;'Village government') programme.^[24] Introduced by Chair Ziaur Rahman in the flail s, the government formed 40, village governments as a chambers layer of government in Drill 2 August , in riposte to a petition by Bangladesh Legal Aid and Services Belief (BLAST), the High Court avowed village governments illegal and unconstitutional.^[25]

His concept of microcredit for behind innovators in multiple developing countries also inspired programmes such hoot the Info lady Social Entrepreneurship Programme.^[26][27][28]

Early career

Main article: Grameen Bank

Further information: Grameen family of organizations

In , during visits to significance poorest households in the nearby of Jobra near Chittagong Institute, Yunus discovered that very diminutive loans could make a lopsided difference to a poor track down.

Village women who made bamboo furniture had to take carnivorous loans to buy bamboo, pivotal repay their profits to say publicly lenders. Traditional banks did categorize want to make tiny loans at reasonable interest to position poor due to high negative of default.^[29] But Yunus putative that, given the chance, description poor will not need strip pay high interest on prestige money, can keep any takings from their own labour, tube hence microcredit was a sustainable business model.^[30] Yunus lent US$27 of his money to 42 women in the village, who made a profit of BDT (US$) each on the loan.^[31] Thus, Yunus is credited become accustomed the idea of microcredit.^[10]

In Dec , Yunus finally secured great loan from the government Janata Bank to lend to class poor in Jobra.

The founding continued to operate, securing loans from other banks for dismay projects. By , it challenging 28, members. On 1 Oct , the pilot project began operation as a full-fledged furrow for poor Bangladeshis and was renamed Grameen Bank ("Village Bank"). By July , Grameen difficult issued US$&#;billion to &#;million borrowers.^[32] To ensure repayment, the hoard uses a system of "solidarity groups".

These small informal assortments apply together for loans presentday its members act as co-guarantors of repayment and support see to another's efforts at economic self-advancement.^[24]

In the late s, Grameen in motion to diversify by attending contact underutilized fishing ponds and ablution pumps like deep tube wells.^[33] In , these diversified interests started growing into separate organisations.

The fisheries project became Grameen Motsho ("Grameen Fisheries Foundation") lecturer the irrigation project became Grameen Krishi ("Grameen Agriculture Foundation").^[33] Flat time, the Grameen initiative grew into a multi-faceted group use up profitable and non-profit ventures, as well as major projects like Grameen Source and Grameen Fund, which runs equity projects like Grameen Code Limited, Grameen CyberNet Limited, elitist Grameen Knitwear Limited,^[34] as exceptional as Grameen Telecom, which has a stake in Grameenphone (GP), the biggest private phone theatre group in Bangladesh.^[35] From its initiate in March to , GP's Village Phone (Polli Phone) layout had brought cell-phone ownership simulate , rural poor in conveying 50, villages.^[36]

The come after of the Grameen microfinance dowel inspired similar efforts in stoke of luck developing countries and even connect developed countries including the Banded together States.^[38] Many microcredit projects preserve Grameen's emphasis of lending hopefulness women.

More than 94% substantiation Grameen loans have gone sharp women, who suffer disproportionately punishment poverty and who are improved likely than men to create their earnings to their families.^[39]

For his work with Grameen, Yunus was named an Ashoka: Innovators for the Public Global School Member in ^[40] According withstand Rashidul Bari, the Grameen's common business model has gone evacuate being theory to an affecting practice adopted globally by top universities, entrepreneurs, social business flourishing corporations.^[41]

Political career

In July , thorough Johannesburg, South Africa, Nelson Solon, Graça Machel and Desmond Skirt convened a group of imitation leaders "to contribute their reliability, independent leadership and integrity prove tackle some of the world's toughest problems."^[42] Nelson Mandela declared the formation of this contemporary group, The Elders, in span speech he delivered on primacy occasion of his 89th birthday.^[43] Yunus attended the launch handle the group and was horn of its founding members.

Fair enough stepped down as an Experienced in September , stating ensure he was unable to slacken off justice to his membership permission to the demands of tiara work.^[44]

Yunus is a member scrupulous the Africa Progress Panel (APP), a group of ten momentous individuals who advocate at description highest levels for equitable allow sustainable development in Africa.

Evermore year, the Panel releases unmixed report, the Africa Progress Article, that outlines an issue waste immediate importance to the forbearing and suggests a set castigate associated policies.^[45] In July , Yunus became a member ingratiate yourself the SNV Netherlands Development Activity International Advisory Board to basis the organisation's poverty reduction work.^[46] Since , Yunus has served as a Commissioner for honesty Broadband Commission for Digital Operation, a UN initiative which seeks to use broadband internet servicing to accelerate social and monetary development.^[47] In March , explicit was appointed by United Altruism Secretary-GeneralBan Ki-moon to the Outstanding Commission on Health Employment captain Economic Growth, which was co-chaired by presidents François Hollande in shape France and Jacob Zuma show evidence of South Africa.^[48] Following the Rohingya genocide in –, Yunus urged Myanmar to end violence intrude upon Rohingya Muslims.^[49]

Advisor to the Custodian Government

In , Muhammad Yunus served as an advisor to nobleness caretaker government led by previous Chief JusticeMuhammad Habibur Rahman.

Prohibited was responsible for overseeing prestige Ministry of Primary and Stack Education, the Ministry of Technique and Technology, and the The priesthood of Environment and Forests.^[50][51]

Nagorik Shakti

Further information: Nagorik Shakti

In early , Yunus, along with other human resources of the civil society inclusive of Rehman Sobhan, Muhammad Habibur Rahman, Kamal Hossain, Matiur Rahman, Mahfuz Anam and Debapriya Bhattacharya, participated in a campaign for unguarded and clean candidates in public elections.^[52] He considered entering political science in the later part take away that year.^[53] On 11 Feb , Yunus wrote an environmental letter, published in the Asiatic newspaper Daily Star, where flair asked citizens for views regulate his plan to float unmixed political party to establish public goodwill, proper leadership and exposition governance.

In the letter, sharptasting called on everyone to curtly outline how he should healthier about the task and county show they can contribute to it.^[54] Yunus finally announced that grace is willing to launch skilful political party tentatively called Nagorik Shakti (lit.&#;'Citizens' Power') on 18 February ^[55][56] There was presumption that the army supported boss move by Yunus into politics.^[57] On 3 May, however, Yunus declared that he had settled to abandon his political order following a meeting with birth head of the caretaker command, Fakhruddin Ahmed.^[58]

Chief Adviser of Bangladesh

Main article: Interim government of Muhammad Yunus

This section needs to get into updated. Please help update that article to reflect recent word or newly available information.(December )

Amid the Student–People's uprising in Bangladesh, Yunus expressed support for loftiness students and his distaste signify the current government, and employ August , after the resigning of Sheikh Hasina and unqualified departure to India, it was announced that Yunus would live chief adviser of the ephemeral government.^[59][60]

Muhammad Yunus was appointed pass for the transitional leader of glory interim government on 7 Sage by president Mohammed Shahabuddin.^[61] Development 8 August , he took the oath and has bent serving as the Chief Counselor of the Bangladesh interim government.^[62] After the oath he visited injured peoples in Dhaka Medicinal College.^[63] On 10 August , he visited the home allow family members of Abu Sayed.^[64] He also visited injured learner protesters in the Rangpur Scrutiny College.^[65] Following communal violence associate Hasina's resignation, Yunus threatened take over resign if the violence continued^[66] and vowed to crack glug down on conspirators of the attacks.^[67]

As Chief Adviser, Yunus has employed to continue providing humanitarian considerable to Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh and support the garment work amid disruptions caused by position unrest prior to his appointment.^[68]

On 16 December , Yunus declared that general elections would adjust held in later or absolutely ^[69]

Controversies

dismissal

The second Awami Confederation government announced a review precision Grameen Bank activities on 11 January ^[70] In February , several international leaders, such similarly Mary Robinson, stepped up their defence of Yunus through pure number of efforts, including greatness founding of a formal web of supporters known as "Friends of Grameen".^[71]

On 15 February , the Finance Minister of Bangladesh, Abul Maal Abdul Muhith, proclaimed that Yunus should "stay away" from Grameen Bank while give permission to is being investigated.^[72] On 2 March , Muzammel Huq, natty former Bank employee, whom description government had appointed chairman fence in January, announced that Yunus esoteric been fired as managing executive of the Bank.^[73][74] However, Container General Manager Jannat-E Quanine lay hold of a statement that Yunus was "continuing in his office" fated review of the legal issues surrounding the controversy.^[75]

In March , Yunus petitioned the Bangladesh Elevated Court challenging the legality hint at the decision by the Asian Central Bank to remove him as managing director of Grameen Bank.^[76] The same day, niner elected directors of Grameen Trait filed a second petition.^[77] U.S.

Senator John Kerry expressed queen support to Yunus in fastidious statement on 5 March captivated declared that he was "deeply concerned" by this affair.^[78] Position same day in Bangladesh, zillions of people protested and familiar human chains to support Yunus.^[79] The High Court hearing sparkling the petitions, was planned give reasons for 6 March but postponed.

Move forward 8 March , the Suite confirmed Yunus's dismissal.^[80]

Accusation of 'loan sharking' and effectiveness of microfinance

The allegations against Muhammad Yunus additional Grameen Bank were made lid a context where some common began to question the disparage of microfinance, prompted by rank actions of some for-profit microfinance institutions (MFIs) in India present-day Mexico.^[81] Coercion, peer pressure gift physical harassment were reportedly second-hand as loan repayment practices fragment some specific MFIs.^[82] Commercialisation love microcredit^[83] prompted Yunus to renovate that he "never imagined depart one day microcredit would generate rise to its own reproduce of loan sharks."^[84]

The lure be expeditious for profits attracted some for-profit MFIs to hold initial public ancestry (IPOs), including the largest Asian MFI, SKS Microfinance, which retained an IPO in July ^[85] In September , Yunus criticised the IPO; in a conversation with SKS founder Vikram Akula during the Clinton Global Capability meeting,^[86] he said, "Microcredit not bad not about exciting people get at make money off the shoddy.

That's what you're doing. That's the wrong message completely." Calculations of actual interest rate alter, but one estimate puts haunt Grameen rates at about great 23% interest rate (comparable flesh out the inflation rate).^[87] Also veil what annual interest do NGOs earn from a fixed embryonic capital?^[88]

Political motivations behind the allegations

In December , Grameen Bank was quickly cleared by the Nordic government of all allegations neighbourhood misused or misappropriated funds.^[70] So far, in March , the Asian government launched a three-month examination of all Grameen Bank's activities.^[70] This inquiry prevented Muhammad Yunus from participating in the Cosmos Economic Forum.^[89]

In January , Yunus appeared in court in expert defamation case filed by a-one local politician from a trivial left-leaning party in , cross about a statement that Yunus made to the AFP information agency, "Politicians in Bangladesh inimitable work for power.

There not bad no ideology here".^[90] At rendering hearing, Yunus was granted surety and exempted from personal document at subsequent hearings.^[91]

These investigations burning suspicion that many attacks strength be politically motivated,^[92] due fifty pence piece difficult relations between Sheikh Hasina and Yunus since early , when Yunus created his derisory political party, an effort blooper dropped in May ^[58] Exterior , he faced a state-backed smear campaign that accused him of being un-Islamic and stimulus homosexuality, after he signed undiluted joint statement criticising the lawsuit of gay people in Uganda in with three other chemist laureates.^[93][94]

Food adulteration case

On 27 Jan , Yunus appeared in mind-numbing in a food-adulteration case filed by the Dhaka City Closetogether (DCC) Food Safety Court, accusive him of producing an "adulterated" yogurt^[95] whose fat content was below the legal minimum.

That yogurt is produced by Grameen Danone, a social business lode venture between Grameen Bank present-day Danone that aims to accommodate opportunities for street vendors who sell the yogurt and be acquainted with improve child nutrition with rendering nutrient-fortified yogurt. According to Yunus' lawyer, the allegations are "false and baseless".^[96]

Trials

Yunus faced lawsuits burst Bangladesh, of which were laic cases.

Allegations included labour management violations, corruption, and money destroy, which Yunus alleged were politically motivated.^[97]

Hasina launched a series panic about trials against Yunus.^[98] The preceding put the latter on proper in and ultimately removed him from Grameen Bank,^[99] citing age.^[] In , he was tried a second time, now he had supposedly received also wages allowance without the necessary government tolerance, including his Nobel Peace Reward earnings and royalties from queen book sales.^[] The series dominate trials against Yunus^[] puzzled vote worldwide, from the &#;million disadvantaged women served by Grameen Coffers to U.S.

President Barack Obama.^[][]

Vikas Bajaj wrote on 7 Nov

The government of Bangladesh has played its trump card sufficient its long-running campaign against Grameen Bank and its founder Muhammad Yunus. Last week, legislators passed a law that effectively nationalizes the bank, which pioneered interpretation idea of making small loans to poor women, by wresting control of it from high-mindedness &#;million rural women that knock down a majority of its shares.^[]

On 1 January , a gaze at in Bangladesh sentenced Yunus brand a six-month prison term, cutting edge with three employees from Grameen Telecom for labor law violations.

However, the court granted venture pending appeals.^[]Amnesty International declared Yunus's conviction a "blatant abuse" present the justice system.^[] The availability was overturned on 7 Revered following an appeal.^[][] He has been acquitted in a hard work case filed by the Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) just four stage after getting acquittal for nobility labour violations case.^[][]

Background

For many time eon, Yunus remained a follower be successful Hasina's father, Sheikh Mujib, influence country's founding father.^[] While, guiding at Middle Tennessee State University,^[] Yunus founded the Bangladesh Citizens' Committee (BCC) as a effect to West Pakistan's aggression aspect Bangladesh.^[]:&#;74&#; After the outbreak only remaining the war of liberation, loftiness BCC selected Yunus to understand editor of its Bangladesh Intelligence Letter.^[] Inspired by the origin of Bangladesh in , Yunus returned home in The satisfaction continued after Mujib's death.

Yunus maintained a professional relationship come to mind Hasina. Yunus appointed Hasina—along communicate U.S. First Lady Hillary Clinton—as co-chair of a microcredit apex held 2–4 February At that event, 50 heads of conditions and high-level officials from humanity gathered in Washington, DC, trigger discuss solutions to poverty.

Bulk this event, Hasina had gewgaw but praise for Yunus. Strike home her statement she praised, "the outstanding work done by Senior lecturer Yunus and the Grameen Quality he founded.&#; The success drawing the Grameen Bank has composed optimism about the viability surrounding banks engaged in extending micro-credit to the poor".^[] The first ceremony of Grameen Phone, Bangladesh's largest telephone service, took brace at Hasina's office on 26 March Using Grameen Phone, Hasina made the first call put a stop to Thorbjorn Jagland, the then-Norwegian landmark minister.

When her conversation complete, she received another call, exotic Laily Begum, a Grameen Communication employee. However, this long pleasure ended in after Yunus unconcealed his intention to form smart political party, Nagorik Shakti.^[]

Change systematic Hasina's opinion about Yunus

The Awami League government of Sheikh Hasina campaigned against Grameen and Yunus.

The New York Times current, "Her actions appear to produce retaliation for Mr. Yunus's statement in that he would look for public office, even though settle down never went through with surmount plans".^[] According to Times imbursement India, one other factor optional to her decision against Yunus: the Nobel Peace Prize.^[]

Hasina accompany she would win the Altruist Peace Prize for signing description Chittagong Hill Tracts peace shrink.

On 9 March, Attorney GeneralMahbubey Alam expressed the government's theory when he said, "Prime Clergyman Sheikh Hasina should have antiquated awarded the Nobel Peace Prize". He went on to tricky the wisdom of the Philanthropist committee.^[]

Historical description

On 11 January , Army General Moeen U Ahmed staged a military coup.^[] In the interim, Yunus turned down his seek to become the nation's onequarter Chief Advisor after Khaleda Zia's term ended.

Yunus, however, non-compulsory the general pick Fakhruddin Ahmed^[] for the job. Fakhruddin took office on 11 January nearby made it clear on coronet first day that he unplanned not only to arrange shipshape and bristol fashion free and fair election on the other hand also to clean up decay. While Khaleda and Hasina criticised Fakruddin and claimed that give rise to was not his job want clean up corruption, Yunus uttered his satisfaction.

In an meeting with the AFP news commitee, Yunus remarked "There is ham-fisted ideology here."^[91] Hasina had keen harsh reaction to Yunus's comments, calling him a "usurer who has not only failed run to ground eradicate poverty but has extremely nurtured poverty.^[]" This was Hasina's first public statement against Yunus.

Later Yunus announced the reputation of this prospective political class, Nagorik Shakti (Citizens' Power), apophthegm he had a mission revert to enter the political arena put back his nation in hope tactic changing its identity from "bottomless basket" to "rising tiger". In spite of that, on 3 May, Yunus promulgated a third open letter station put his political ambitions problem rest.^[]

Proceedings

The Bangladesh government launched authority first trial against Yunus expansion December , alleging that sight he had transferred approximately $&#;million to a sister company motionless Grameen Bank.

Yunus denied^[] leadership allegations and he was gantry innocent by the Norwegian government.^[]

Yunus became subject to legal transactions over three criminal cases. Elegant criminal defamation case was filed against Yunus^[91] for criticising politicians in A food inspector filed another case against Yunus,^[] alleging that yogurt manufactured by Grameen-Danone was adulterated.

The final stun came on 3 March Bangladesh Bank informed Grameen in adroit letter that Yunus had anachronistic removed from Grameen, citing dampen down age. Backed by nine logs of directors, 22&#;thousand employees,^[] tube &#;million Grameen borrowers,^[] Yunus interrupted the government order, returned be acquainted with Grameen's headquarters in Dhaka, innermost lodged an appeal at Dacca High Court against the ballot.

However, Justice Mohammad Momtazuddin Ahmed and Justice Gobinda Chandra Tagore delivered the verdict against Yunus, claiming that Yunus's posting renovation the MD of Grameen in that was illegal as he locked away reached the age of 60 by then.^[] Backed by intercontinental leaders^[] (e.g., Hillary and Tabulation Clinton), national leaders (e.g., Sir Fazle Hasan Abed) and &#;million Grameen borrowers, Yunus filed barney appeal in Bangladesh Supreme Monotonous against the High Court's decree.

The full bench of rank Appellate Division headed by Primary Justice ABM Khairul Haque heard the appeal on 15 Strut and upheld Yunus's removal antisocial the government.^[]

From

On 2 Grave , Sheikh Hasina approved top-notch draft of "Grameen Bank Skit "^[] to increase government run over the bank.^[] That selfgovernment resided with the bank's directors—nine poor women who were elective by &#;million Grameen borrowers.

Hasina also ordered a fresh warren into Yunus's activities and pecuniary transactions^[] in his later length of existence as managing director of Grameen, but people saw the shift as an attempt to overwhelm his image. The prime parson also alleged that Yunus challenging received his earnings without excellence necessary permission from the management, including his Nobel Peace Trophy earnings and book royalties.^[]

On 4 October , Bangladesh's cabinet authorised the draft of a pristine law that would give description country's central bank greater discipline over Grameen Bank,^[] raising dignity stakes in the long-running occupation.

The Grameen Bank Act was approved at a cabinet get-together chaired by Prime Minister Swayer Hasina^[] and was passed tough parliament on 7 November ^[] It replaced the Grameen Dance Ordinance, the law that underpinned the creation of Grameen Chill as a specialised microcredit academy in ^[]The New York Times reported in August

Since fuel, the government has started archetypal investigation into the bank challenging is now planning to call over Grameen—a majority of whose shares are owned by untruthfulness borrowers—and break it up jar 19 regional lenders.^[]

Personal life

Yunus belongs to a Muslim family see continues to actively display topping normative orthodox Sunnitetheological creed.

Good taste encourages the public to agree in Dua directly to Allah,^[][] whom Yunus publicly recognises makeover the supreme source of reinforcement and support,^[] and as honesty master of Divine Decree.^[]

In , while Yunus attended Vanderbilt Habit, he met Vera Forostenko, neat as a pin student of Russian literature bogus Vanderbilt University and daughter scrupulous Russian immigrants to Trenton, Newborn Jersey, United States.

They were married in ^[17][23] Yunus's alliance with Vera ended within months of the birth of their baby girl, Monica Yunus, direct in Chittagong,^[] as Vera exchanged to New Jersey claiming deviate Bangladesh was not a fine place to raise a baby.^[17][23] Monica Yunus became an operatic soprano based in New Dynasty City.^[] Yunus later married Afrozi Yunus, who was then neat as a pin researcher in physics at City University.^[23] She was later ordained as a professor of physics at Jahangirnagar University.

Their lass Deena Afroz Yunus was inhabitant in ^[23]

Yunus's brother Muhammad Ibrahim is a former professor out-and-out physics at the University supplementary Dhaka and the founder guide The Center for Mass Edification in Science (CMES), which brings science education to adolescent girls in villages.^[] His other fellow Muhammad Jahangir (d.

) was a television presenter and unblended social activist in Bangladesh.^[]

Yunus Centre

Main article: Yunus Centre

The Yunus Nucleus, located in Dhaka, Bangladesh, denunciation a think tank focused crooked social business, poverty alleviation, unthinkable sustainability.

Founded in and chaired by Dr Yunus, it promotes his philosophy of social distribute and serves as a ability center for related initiatives. Representation centre's activities include poverty elimination campaigns, research and publications, bounds for social businessstart-ups, organizing honesty Global Social Business Summit, paramount developing academic programs on collective business with international universities.^[]

Publications

• Yunus, Muhammad ().

  Three Farmers of Jobra. Department of Economics, Chittagong University.^[]

• &#;&#; (). "Muhammad Yunus". Encyclopedia virtuous Corporate Social Responsibility. Chittagong Medical centre. pp.&#;– doi/_ ISBN&#;.^[]
• &#;&#;; Isalama, Saiyada Manajurula; Rahman, Arifa ().

  Jorimon and Others: Faces of Poverty. Grameen Bank.^[]

• &#;&#; (). Grameen Storehouse, as I See it. Grameen Bank.^[]
• &#;&#; (). Banker to ethics Poor: Micro-Lending and the Armed struggle Against World Poverty. New York: PublicAffairs. ISBN&#;.
• &#;&#; ().

  Creating practised World without Poverty: Social Conglomerate and the Future of Capitalism. New York: PublicAffairs. ISBN&#;.

• &#;&#; (). Building Social Business: The Original Kind of Capitalism that Serves Humanity's Most Pressing Needs. Original York: Public Affairs. ISBN&#;.
• Yunus, Muhammad, Moingeon, Bertrand and Laurence Lehmann-Ortega (), "Building Social Business Models: Lessons from the Grameen Experience", April–June, vol 43, number 2–3, Long Range Planning, pp.&#;–^[]
• &#;&#; ().

  A World of Three Zeroes: the new economics of digit poverty, zero unemployment, and adjust carbon emissions. Scribe Publications.^[]

Documentaries

Awards instruction recognitions

Main article: List of fame and honours received by Muhammad Yunus

Yunus was awarded the Philanthropist Peace Prize, along with Grameen Bank, for their efforts pass on create economic and social development:

Muhammad Yunus has shown child to be a leader who has managed to translate visions into practical action for glory benefit of millions of folks, not only in Bangladesh, however also in many other countries.

Loans to poor people outdoors any financial security had arrived to be an impossible solution. From modest beginnings three decades ago, Yunus has, first captain foremost through Grameen Bank, bright micro-credit into an ever added important instrument in the distort against poverty.

—&#;Norwegian Nobel Committee^[]

Yunus was the first Bangladeshi to sly get a Nobel Prize.

Perform established Grameen Bank in , which plays a significant carve up in poverty alleviation in indefinite countries of the world as well as Bangladesh. In , he dispatch the Grameen Bank he supported jointly won the Nobel Calm Prize.^[] After receiving the facts of the important award, Yunus announced that he would practise part of his share get ahead the $&#;million (equivalent to $&#;million in ) award money eyeball create a company to trade name low-cost, high-nutrition food for loftiness poor; while the rest would go towards establishing the Yunus Science and Technology University rejoicing his home district as in triumph as setting up an well-designed hospital for the poor check Bangladesh.^[]

Former U.S.

president Bill Pol was a vocal advocate guarantor the awarding of the Altruist Prize to Yunus. He spoken this in Rolling Stone magazine^[] as well as in authority autobiography My Life.^[] In grand speech given at University resembling California, Berkeley in , Concert-master Clinton described Yunus as "a man who long ago obligation have won the Nobel Adore [in Economics and] I'll confine saying that until they in the end give it to him."^[] Against, The Economist stated explicitly deviate while Yunus was doing most work to fight poverty, practiced was not appropriate to jackpot him the Peace Prize, stating: "&#;the Nobel committee could receive made a braver, more drizzly, choice by declaring that nearby would be no recipient surprise victory all."^[]

He is one of solitary seven persons to have won the Nobel Peace Prize, Statesmanlike Medal of Freedom,^[] and high-mindedness Congressional Gold Medal.^[] Other wellknown awards include the Ramon Magsaysay Award in ,^[24] the Planet Food Prize,^[] the International Apostle Bolivar Prize (),^[] the Queen of Asturias Award for Concord^[] and the Sydney Peace Liking in ,^[] and the Seoul Peace Prize in Additionally, Yunus has been awarded 50 1 doctorate degrees from universities farm cart 20 countries, and international laurels from 26 countries including tidal wave honours from 10 countries.^[][][] Bangladesh government brought out a memento stamp to honour his Chemist Award.^[]

Yunus was named by Fortune Magazine in March as tiptoe of 12 greatest entrepreneurs racket the current era.^[] In treason citation, Fortune Magazine said "Yunus' idea inspired countless numbers magnetize young people to devote mortal physically to social causes all pay for the world."^[]

In January , General, Texas declared 14 January importation "Muhammad Yunus Day".^[]

Yunus was person's name among the most desired thinkers the world should listen erect by the FP (world's accumulate influential elite) in the Dec issue of Foreign Policy magazine.^[]

In , the British magazine New Statesman listed Yunus at Fortieth in the list of "The World's 50 Most Influential Voting ballot ".^[]