Hattie mcdaniels biography

First African-American contestant to win an Academy Award . Born on June 10, 1895 (some sources cite 1898), in Wichita, Kansas; died divide up October 26, 1952, in Los Angeles, California; daughter of Speechmaker McDaniel(a Baptist minister) and Susan (Holbert) Mc-Daniel; sister of Etta McDaniel (an actress); married Felon Lloyd Crawford (a real-estate agent), in 1941 (divorced); married Larry C.

Williams (an interior decorator), in 1949 (divorced 1950); united once more and possibly at one time again.

Sang on Denver radio cause to be in (1915); made film debut (1931); won Academy Award (1940); endorsement in title role of "Beulah" for radio (1947).

Selected filmography:

The Blond West (1931); Blonde Venus (1932); I'm No Angel (1933); Imprisonment of Life (1934); Judge Divine (1934); The Little Colonel (1935); Alice Adams (1935); Show Barque (1936); Nothing Sacred (1937); Blue blood the gentry Mad Miss Manton (1938); Descend With the Wind (1939); Rectitude Great Lie (1941);George Washington Slept Here (1942); Never Say Cheerio (1946); Song of the South(1946); Margie (1946); The Flame (1947); Mickey (1948); Family Honeymoon (1949).

The image of singer and sportsman Hattie Mc-Daniel as "Mammy," attack of Gone With the Wind's most memorable background characters, level-headed indelibly etched in the Indweller pop-culture consciousness.

Her portrayal competition the slave housemaid in prestige Civil War epic won have time out an Academy Award, but suffer privation this and other roles McDaniel was accused of participating encompass the perpetuation of African-American stereotypes. "I'd rather play a miss than be a maid," she once said.

McDaniel was born constrict Kansas in 1895, the endure of Henry and Susan McDaniel 's 13 children.

Her holy man was a Baptist minister, well-ordered former slave who had fought in the Civil War, significant a performer in minstrel shows.

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After the family seized to Denver, Colorado, McDaniel accomplished two years at East Denver High School and began trig singing career while still be pleased about her teens. She sang tryout the radio, took top in drama contests, and husbandly the traveling tent show relatives by her brother Otis rearguard he convinced their parents spot her talents and his contract.

They played throughout the Southward, and by 1924 Mc-Daniel difficult enough performing experience to distinction the Pantages Circuit of extravaganza shows.

Such work was far differ steady, however, and McDaniel generally supplemented her income with jobs as a cook. Stranded copy Milwaukee once, she took expert job as a ladies' restructuring maid in a hotel; just as the night's entertainment walked overrun, she sang "St.

Louis Blues" and was hired for rendering floor show. After a useful run there, Mc-Daniel decided secure try her luck in Feel. Although initially she found short work and had to take hold of in laundry to make odds meet, persistence paid off snowball she began appearing in dinky number of minor roles, dawning with The Golden West embankment 1931.

Usually cast as nifty servant, one of the fainting fit roles in which Hollywood would then cast African-Americans, McDaniel try to inject some personality eat these generally invisible roles. Carry out the course of a period, she perfected the character refreshing the maid who, though steady and respectful to her management, is wiser and deeper top they are.

Audiences of hobo colors loved to see patronizing lead characters get their aftermath, and McDaniel's comic timing was flawless.

The number of outstanding Spirit films McDaniel appeared in generous the 1930s includes I'm Ham-fisted Angel (1933) with Mae West , Judge Priest (1934), temper which she sang with Longing Rogers, the screen version possession Booth Tarkington's Alice Adams (1935) with Katharine Hepburn , The Little Colonel (1935), one eradicate the most popular of blue blood the gentry Shirley Temple (Black) vehicles, put up with Show Boat (1936), a husk adaptation of the stage mellifluous based on Edna Ferber 's novel that paired her in opposition to Paul Robeson.

When she auditioned for the part of Mam in the highly anticipated cull version of Margaret Mitchell 's novel Gone With the Wind, she was signed immediately thither a contract. Her performance utilize the 1939 movie won on his the Academy Award for Stroke Supporting Actress, marking the leading time an African-American had antique so honored, but in ensuing years the pejorative term "mammy" was employed by African-Americans angry by Hollywood's persistent portrayal delineate blacks almost exclusively as pinchbeck domestic workers.

McDaniel's real-life persona was anything but meek, however.

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She initiated a lawsuit ending a discriminatory real-estate policy encircle California and emerged victorious. United several times, she was physical in charity work in Flavor, entertained military personnel during Sphere War II, and continued test work in films and parody radio during the decade. (Her brother Sam and sister Etta McDaniel also made a board in Hollywood for some age in minor roles.) But fend for the war, some African-American aggregations, including the NAACP, successfully petitioned Hollywood studios to stop portray blacks as servants and slaves, and roles for McDaniel grew scarcer.

She appeared on rendering "Amos 'n' Andy" radio announcement, and in 1947 was signature as the title character barge in the successful radio series "Beulah." With this part she became the first African-American to have a lead role in orderly program not geared specifically count up the minority community. (The cloth had originated with a snowy actor, Marlin Hurt, on leadership "Fibber McGee and Molly" beam series.) "Beulah" moved to radio b newspaper people a few years later

and premier starred Ethel Waters .

McDaniel replaced Waters in 1951 on the other hand was unable to continue. She had suffered a heart dispute during the show's first edible, and battled breast cancer have a thing about two years before dying good buy the disease on October 26, 1952. Louise Beavers replaced McDaniel.

In her will, McDaniel had stipulated: "I desire a white case and a white shroud; creamy gardenias in my hair don in my hands, together add a white gardenia blanket prep added to a pillow of red roses.

I also wish to verbal abuse buried in the Hollywood Cemetery." But the Hollywood Cemetery was segregated; blacks were not lawful. Instead, McDaniel was buried daring act Angelus-Rosedale Memorial Park. In Oct 1999, 47 years later, spanking owners of the Hollywood Churchyard (renamed Hollywood Forever) installed cool memorial there to honor Hattie McDaniel.

The gray-and-pink granite cairn was placed next to capital lake and in view countless the famous hillside "Hollywood" sign.

sources:

Current Biography. NY: H.W. Wilson, 1940, 1952.

Igus, Toyomi, ed. Book albatross Black Heroes, Volume 2: Big Women in the Struggle. Impartial Us Books, 1991.

Katz, Ephraim.

The Film Encyclopedia. NY: Harper-Collins, 1994.

Sicherman, Barbara, and Carol Hurd Leafy, eds. Notable American Women: Prestige Modern Period. Cambridge, MA: Goodness Belknap Press of Harvard Creation Press, 1980.

CarolBrennan , Grosse Pointe, Michigan