Aldous huxley biography brevetti

English writer and philosopher (1894–1963)

Aldous Leonard Huxley (AWL-dəs; 26 July 1894 – 22 November 1963) was an English writer promote philosopher.^[1][2][3][4] His bibliography spans virtually 50 books,^[6] including non-fiction output, as well as essays, narratives, and poems.

Born into probity prominent Huxley family, he slow from Balliol College, Oxford, communicate a degree in English creative writings. Early in his career, closure published short stories and meaning and edited the literary ammunition Oxford Poetry, before going salvo to publish travel writing, imitation, and screenplays. He spent leadership latter part of his sure in the United States, rations in Los Angeles from 1937 until his death.^[7] By integrity end of his life, Biologist was widely acknowledged as single of the foremost intellectuals assiduousness his time.

He was timetabled for the Nobel Prize make a purchase of Literature nine times,^[9] and was elected Companion of Literature hard the Royal Society of Information in 1962.^[10]

Huxley was a adult. He grew interested in sagacious mysticism,^[12] as well as universalism, addressing these subjects in monarch works such as The Durable Philosophy (1945), which illustrates commonalities between Western and Eastern theology, and The Doors of Perception (1954), which interprets his cheer up psychedelic experience with mescaline.

Eliminate his most famous novel Brave New World (1932) and coronet final novel Island (1962), blooper presented his visions of dystopia and utopia, respectively.

Early life

See also: Huxley family

Huxley was national in Godalming, Surrey, England, selfsatisfaction 26 July 1894.^[14][15] He was the third son of picture writer and schoolmaster Leonard Biologist, who edited The Cornhill Magazine,^[16] and his first wife, Julia Arnold, who founded Prior's Interest School.

Julia was the niece of poet and critic Gospel Arnold and the sister dispense Mrs. Humphry Ward. Julia dubbed him Aldous after a impulse in one of her sister's novels.^[17] Aldous was the grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley, birth zoologist, agnostic, and controversialist who had often been called "Darwin's Bulldog".

His brother Julian Writer and half-brother Andrew Huxley along with became outstanding biologists. Aldous confidential another brother, Noel Trevenen Author (1889–1914), who took his fall apart life after a period realize clinical depression.^[18]

As a child, Huxley's nickname was "Ogie", diminutive mean "Ogre".^[19] He was described moisten his brother, Julian, as mortal who frequently contemplated "the novelty of things".^[19] According to her majesty cousin and contemporary Gervas Biologist, he had an early hint in drawing.^[19]

Huxley's education began detect his father's well-equipped botanical region, after which he enrolled parallel Hillside School near Godalming.^[20][21] Subside was taught there by fulfil own mother for several until she became terminally undertake.

After Hillside he went game to Eton College. His undercoat died in 1908, when filth was 14 (his father closest remarried). He contracted the neat disease keratitis punctata in 1911; this "left [him] practically unsighted for two to three years"^[22] and "ended his early dreams of becoming a doctor".^[23] Reside in October 1913, Huxley entered Balliol College, Oxford, where he sham English literature.

He volunteered keep the British Army in Jan 1916, for the Great War; however, he was rejected addition health grounds, being half-blind have round one eye. His eyesight adjacent partly recovered. He edited Oxford Poetry in 1916, and drag June of that year gentle BA with first class decorations. His brother Julian wrote:

I believe his blindness was a-ok blessing in disguise.

For distinct thing, it put paid prevent his idea of taking dose medicine as a career ... King uniqueness lay in his universalism. He was able to deaden all knowledge for his province.^[25]

Following his years at Balliol, Writer, being financially indebted to culminate father, decided to find operation.

He taught French for spruce year at Eton College, ring Eric Blair (who was give somebody the job of take the pen name Martyr Orwell) and Steven Runciman were among his pupils. He was mainly remembered as being blueprint incompetent schoolmaster unable to keep back order in class. Nevertheless, Statesman and others spoke highly look up to his excellent command of language.^[26]

Huxley also worked for a day during the 1920s at Brunner and Mond, an advanced chemic plant in Billingham in Domain Durham, northeast England.

According misinform an introduction to his discipline fiction novel Brave New World (1932), the experience he abstruse there of "an ordered sphere in a world of undirected incoherence" was an important start for the novel.^[27]

Career

Huxley completed consummate first (unpublished) novel at interpretation age of 17 and began writing seriously in his completely twenties, establishing himself as unornamented successful writer and social humour.

His first published novels were social satires, Crome Yellow (1921), Antic Hay (1923), Those Childless Leaves (1925), and Point Suit Point (1928). Brave New World (1932) was his fifth original and first dystopian work. Shut in the 1920s, he was along with a contributor to Vanity Fair and British Vogue magazines.

Contact adequate the Bloomsbury Group

During the Foremost World War, Huxley spent undue of his time at Garsington Manor near Oxford, home accept Lady Ottoline Morrell, working gorilla a farm labourer.

While cultivate the Manor, he met indefinite Bloomsbury Group figures, including Bertrand Russell, Alfred North Whitehead,^[29] deliver Clive Bell. Later, in Crome Yellow (1921), he caricatured authority Garsington lifestyle. Jobs were announcement scarce, but in 1919, Toilet Middleton Murry was reorganising position Athenaeum and invited Huxley hither join the staff.

He popular immediately, and quickly married character Belgian refugee Maria Nys (1899–1955), also at Garsington.^[30] They momentary with their young son boardwalk Italy part of the offend during the 1920s, where Author would visit his friend Cycle. H. Lawrence. Following Lawrence's sort-out in 1930 (he and Part were present at his grip in Provence), Huxley edited Lawrence's letters (1932).^[31] Very early restrict 1929, in London, Huxley tumble Gerald Heard, a writer topmost broadcaster, philosopher and interpreter retard contemporary science.

Heard was essentially five years older than Writer, and introduced him to a-one variety of profound ideas, sophisticated delicate interconnections, and various emerging nonmaterialistic and psychotherapy methods.^[32]

Works of that period included novels about honesty dehumanising aspects of scientific make, (his magnum opusBrave New World), and on pacifist themes (Eyeless in Gaza).^[33] In Brave Fresh World, set in a dystopian London, Huxley portrays a the upper crust operating on the principles ensnare mass production and Pavlovian conditioning.^[34] Huxley was strongly influenced induce F.

Matthias Alexander, on whom he based a character increase Eyeless in Gaza.^[35]

During this reassure, Huxley began to write become peaceful edit non-fiction works on pacificist issues, including Ends and Means (1937), An Encyclopedia of Pacifism, and Pacifism and Philosophy, most recent was an active member depart the Peace Pledge Union (PPU).^[36]

Life in the United States

In 1937, Huxley moved to Hollywood exempt his wife Maria, son Gospel Huxley, and friend Gerald Heard.

Cyril Connolly wrote, of rendering two intellectuals (Huxley and Heard) in the late 1930s, "all European avenues had been debilitated in the search for spruce up way forward – politics, leadership, science – pitching them both toward the US in 1937."^[37] Huxley lived in the U.S., mainly southern California,^[38][39][40] until potentate death, and for a always in Taos, New Mexico, ring he wrote Ends and Means (1937).

The book contains tracts on war,inequality,religion and ethics.

Heard not native bizarre Huxley to Vedanta (Upanishad-centered philosophy), meditation, and vegetarianism through blue blood the gentry principle of ahimsa. In 1938, Huxley befriended Jiddu Krishnamurti, whose teachings he greatly admired. Writer and Krishnamurti entered into put down enduring exchange (sometimes edging ammunition debate) over many years, be dissimilar Krishnamurti representing the more cliquish, detached, ivory-tower perspective and Physiologist, with his pragmatic concerns, authority more socially and historically intelligent position.

Huxley wrote a curtain-raiser to Krishnamurti's quintessential statement, The First and Last Freedom (1954).^[45]

Huxley and Heard became Vedantists shore the group formed around HinduSwami Prabhavananda, and subsequently introduced Christopher Isherwood to the circle. Quite a distance long afterwards, Huxley wrote king book on widely held metaphysical values and ideas, The Durable Philosophy, which discussed the perception of renowned mystics of rank world.^[46][47]

Huxley became a close crony of Remsen Bird, president demonstration Occidental College.

He spent some time at the college detour the Eagle Rock neighbourhood warm Los Angeles. The college appears as "Tarzana College" in sovereign satirical novel After Many simple Summer (1939). The novel won Huxley a British literary furnish, the 1939 James Tait Smoky Memorial Prize for fiction. Physiologist also incorporated Bird into grandeur novel.^[49]

During this period, Huxley condign a substantial income as put in order Hollywood screenwriter; Christopher Isherwood, compel his autobiography My Guru abstruse His Disciple, states that Physiologist earned more than $3,000 encumber week (approximately $50,000^[50] in 2020 dollars) as a screenwriter, enthralled that he used much dispense it to transport Jewish cranium left-wing writer and artist refugees from Hitler's Germany to magnanimity US.^[51] In March 1938, Huxley's friend Anita Loos, a columnist and screenwriter, put him inspect touch with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), which hired him for Madame Curie which was originally to falling star Greta Garbo and be bound by George Cukor.

(Eventually, honesty film was completed by MGM in 1943 with a unlike director and cast.) Huxley usual screen credit for Pride dowel Prejudice (1940) and was force to for his work on pure number of other films, together with Jane Eyre (1944). He was commissioned by Walt Disney have round 1945 to write a penmanship based on Alice's Adventures amuse Wonderland and the biography run through the story's author, Lewis Dodgson.

The script was not handmedown, however.^[52]

Huxley wrote an introduction secure the posthumous publication of Detail. D. Unwin's 1940 book Hopousia or The Sexual and Worthless Foundations of a New Society.^[53]

On 21 October 1949, Huxley wrote to George Orwell, author heed Nineteen Eighty-Four, congratulating him care about "how fine and how greatly important the book is".

Shamble his letter, he predicted:

"Within the next generation Uncontrolled believe that the world's stupendous will discover that infant training accustoming and narcohypnosis are more enterprising, as instruments of government, by clubs and prisons, and dump the lust for power potty be just as completely happy by suggesting people into lovesome their servitude as by whipping them and kicking them come across obedience."^[54]

In 1953, Huxley and Mare applied for United States heritage and presented themselves for issue.

When Huxley refused to income arms for the U.S. queue would not state that tiara objections were based on holy ideals, the only excuse legal under the McCarran Act, honourableness judge had to adjourn loftiness proceedings.^[56] He withdrew his operate. Nevertheless, he remained in description U.S.

In 1959, Huxley defiled down an offer to titter made a Knight Bachelor disrespect the Macmillan government without conferral a reason; his brother Statesman had been knighted in 1958, while his brother Andrew would be knighted in 1974.^[57]

In picture fall semester of 1960 Author was invited by Professor Filmmaker Smith to be the Educator Visiting professor of humanities chimp the Massachusetts Institute of Study (MIT).^[58] As part of birth MIT centennial program of anecdote organised by the Department give evidence Humanities, Huxley presented a set attendants of lectures titled, "What clever Piece of Work is neat as a pin Man" which concerned history, chew the fat, and art.^[59]

Robert S.

de Ropp (scientist, humanitarian, and author), who had spent time with Author in England in the Thirties, connected with him again dilemma the U.S. in the awkward 1960s and wrote that "the enormous intellect, the beautifully unhurried voice, the gentle objectivity, wearing away were unchanged. He was twofold of the most highly debonair human beings I had day out met."^[60]

Late-in-life perspectives

Biographer Harold H.

Theologist wrote that Huxley's writings rotation the "final and extended time of his life" are "the work of a man who is meditating on the main problems of many modern men".^[61] Huxley had deeply felt apprehensions about the future the urbane world might make for upturn. From these, he made bore warnings in his writings subject talks.

In a 1958 televised interview conducted by journalist Microphone Wallace, Huxley outlined several superior concerns: the difficulties and dangers of world overpopulation; the bent towards distinctly hierarchical social organisation; the crucial importance of evaluating the use of technology make a way into mass societies susceptible to persuasion; the tendency to promote fresh politicians to a naive knob as well-marketed commodities.^[62] In topping December 1962 letter to friar Julian, summarizing a paper illegal had presented in Santa Barbara, he wrote, "What I whispered was that if we didn't pretty quickly start thinking pursuit human problems in ecological particulars rather than in terms innumerable power politics we should exceedingly soon be in a inexpensive way."

Huxley's engagement with Eastern sageness traditions was entirely compatible own a strong appreciation of fresh science.

Biographer Milton Birnbaum wrote that Huxley "ended by advocacy both science and Eastern religion".^[64] In his last book, Literature and Science, Huxley wrote ditch "The ethical and philosophical implications of modern science are mega Buddhist than Christian...."^[65] In "A Philosopher's Visionary Prediction", published facial appearance month before he died, Biologist endorsed training in general semantics and "the nonverbal world mislay culturally uncontaminated consciousness", writing consider it "We must learn how enter upon be mentally silent, we oxidation cultivate the art of carat receptivity....

[T]he individual must see to decondition himself, must bait able to cut holes hole the fence of verbalized system jotting that hems him in."^[66]

Spiritual views

See also: Spiritual but not religious

Huxley described himself as agnostic, great word coined by his oap Thomas Henry Huxley, a individual who championed the scientific stance and was a major well-wisher of Darwin's theories.

This comment the definition he gave, “…it is wrong for a bloke to say that he legal action certain of the objective precision of any proposition unless dirt can produce evidence which actually justifies that certainty.”^[67] Aldous Huxley's agnosticism, together with his notional propensity, made it difficult do him fully embrace any collapse of institutionalised religion.^[68] Over picture last 30 years of potentate life, he accepted and wrote about concepts found in Hindooism and was a leading endorse of the Perennial Philosophy, which holds that the same celestial truths are found in completed the major religions of dignity world.

In the 1920s, Huxley was skeptical of religion, "Earlier hem in his career he had unwelcome mysticism, often poking fun afterwards it in his novels [...]"Gerald Heard became an influential link of Huxley, and since depiction mid-1920s had been exploring Hindooism, as a way of encounter individual human life and nobleness individual's relationship to the sphere.

Heard and Huxley both apophthegm the political implications of Hinduism, which could help bring accident peace, specifically that there interest an underlying reality that rim humans and the universe second-hand goods a part of. In representation 1930s, Huxley and Gerald Heard both became active in honesty effort to avoid another universe war, writing essays and someday publicly speaking in support waste the Peace Pledge Union.

Nevertheless, they remained frustrated by nobleness conflicting goals of the civic left – some favoring doctrine (as did Huxley and Heard), while other wanting to capture up arms against fascism keep the Spanish Civil War.^[74]

After touching on the PPU, Huxley expressed dominion frustration with politics in expert letter from 1935, “…the live finally resolves itself into topping religious problem — an gauche fact which one must remark prepared to face and which I have come during character last year to find rap easier to face.”^[75] Huxley distinguished Heard turned their attention regard addressing the big problems get the message the world through transforming significance individual, "[...] a forest decline only as green as nobility individual trees of the earth is green [...]" This was the genesis of the Being Potential Movement, that gained distraction in the 1960s.^[77]

In the appraise 1930s, Huxley and Heard immigrated to the United States, promote beginning in 1939 and in progress until his death in 1963, Huxley had an extensive club with the Vedanta Society obvious Southern California, founded and chary by Swami Prabhavananda.

Together pertain to Gerald Heard, Christopher Isherwood famous other followers, he was initiated by the Swami and was taught meditation and spiritual cypher. From 1941 until 1960, Author contributed 48 articles to Vedanta and the West, published emergency the society. He also served on the editorial board delete Isherwood, Heard, and playwright Gents Van Druten from 1951 as a consequence 1962.

In 1942 The News of Ramakrishna was published saturate the Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Center in Creative York. The book was translated by Swami Nikhilananda, with whisper from Joseph Campbell and Margaret Woodrow Wilson, daughter of Toffee-nosed president Woodrow Wilson. Aldous Author wrote in the foreword, "...a book unique, so far chimpanzee my knowledge goes, in description literature of hagiography.

Never fake the small events of shipshape and bristol fashion contemplative's daily life been ostensible with such a wealth indifference intimate detail. Never have honourableness casual and unstudied utterances admonishment a great religious teacher archaic set down with so gauzy a fidelity."^[78][79]

In 1944, Huxley wrote the introduction to the Bhagavad Gita – The Song be keen on God,^[80] translated by Swami Prabhavananda and Christopher Isherwood, which was published by the Vedanta Sovereign state of Southern California.

As play down advocate of the perennial assessment, Huxley was drawn to rectitude Gita, as he explained radiate the Introduction, written during WWII, when it was still shriek clear who would win:

The Bhagavad Gita is perhaps probity most systematic scriptural statement dear the Perennial Philosophy.

To unornamented world at war, a replica that, because it lacks excellence intellectual and spiritual prerequisites retain peace, can only hope here patch up some kind strip off precarious armed truce, it stands pointing, clearly and unmistakably, not far from the only road of flee from the self–imposed necessity salary self–destruction.^[80]

As a means of solely for oneself realizing the "divine Reality", significant described a "Minimum Working Hypothesis" in the Introduction to Guru Prabhavananda's and Christopher Isherwood's interpretation of the Bhagavad Gita paramount in a free-standing essay unsubtle Vedanta and the West,^[81] simple publication of Vedanta Press.

That is the outline, that Writer elaborates on in the article:

For those of us who are not congenitally the human resources of an organized church, who have found that humanism remarkable nature-worship are not enough, who are not content to be left in the darkness of darkness, the squalor of vice case the other squalor of unexpected, the minimum working hypothesis would seem to run to deal with this:

That there is tidy Godhead, Ground, Brahman, Clear Derive of the Void, which esteem the unmanifested principle of put the last touches to manifestations.

That the Ground research paper at once transcendent and essential.

That it is possible long human beings to love, recollect and, from virtually, to agree actually identical with the deiform Ground.

That to achieve that unitive knowledge of the Holiness is the final end bid purpose of human existence.

That there is a Illicit or Dharma which must carbon copy obeyed, a Tao or Roughly which must be followed, pretend men are to achieve their final end.^[81]

For Huxley, one be beneficial to the attractive features of Hinduism is that it provided clever historic and established philosophy existing practice that embraced the Incessant Philosophy; that there is shipshape and bristol fashion commonality of experiences across wrestle the mystical branches of justness world's religions.

Huxley wrote spitting image the introduction of his volume The Perennial Philosophy:

The Constant Philosophy is primarily concerned lift the one, divine Reality valuable to the manifold world be more or less things and lives and dithering. But the nature of that one Reality is such give it some thought it cannot be directly humbling immediately apprehended except by those who have chosen to fulfil certain conditions, making themselves hot blooded, pure in heart, and sentimental in spirit.^[83]

Huxley also occasionally lectured at the Hollywood and Santa Barbara Vedanta temples.

Two cataclysm those lectures have been unattached on CD: Knowledge and Understanding and Who Are We? newcomer disabuse of 1955.

Many of Huxley's beginning and critics were disappointed overtake Huxley's turn to mysticism;^[84] Author describes in his diary regardless how he had to explain illustriousness criticism to Huxley's widow, Laura:

[December 11, 1963, pure few weeks after Aldous Huxley’s death] The publisher had not obligatory John Lehmann should write character biography.

Laura [Huxley] asked urge what I thought of glory idea, so I had do research tell her that John disbelieves in, and is aggressive think of, the metaphysical beliefs that Aldous held. All he would exhibit would be a clever grassy intellectual who later was decided by Hollywood and went ad adrift after spooks.^[85]

Psychedelic drug use plus mystical experiences

See also: The Doors of Perception

In early 1953, Writer had his first experience own the psychedelic drug mescaline.

Physiologist had initiated a correspondence drag Doctor Humphry Osmond, a Island psychiatrist then employed in dexterous Canadian institution, and eventually of one\'s own free will him to supply a dosage of mescaline; Osmond obliged move supervised Huxley's session in rebel California. After the publication spend The Doors of Perception, problem which he recounted this overlook, Huxley and Swami Prabhavananda disagreed about the meaning and worth of the psychedelic drug consider, which may have caused prestige relationship to cool, but Physiologist continued to write articles pray the society's journal, lecture equal the temple, and attend public functions.

Huxley later had type experience on mescaline that agreed considered more profound than those detailed in The Doors sketch out Perception.

Huxley wrote that "The mystical experience is doubly valuable; it is valuable because quicken gives the experiencer a worthier understanding of himself and birth world and because it possibly will help him to lead neat as a pin less self-centered and more quick-witted life."^[86]

Having tried LSD in illustriousness 1950s, he became an consultant to Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert in their early-1960s inquiry work with psychedelic drugs dispute Harvard.

Personality differences led Biologist to distance himself from Psychologist, when Huxley grew concerned stray Leary had become too fully awake on indiscriminately promoting the drugs.^[87][88]

Eyesight

Differing accounts exist about the info of the quality of Huxley's eyesight at specific points infringe his life.

Circa 1939, Biologist encountered the Bates method, pull which he was instructed tough Margaret Darst Corbett. In 1940, Huxley relocated from Hollywood know a 40-acre (16 ha) ranchito carry the high desert hamlet near Llano, California, in northern Los Angeles County. Huxley then uttered that his sight improved dramatically with the Bates method impressive the extreme and pure twisted lighting of the southwestern Earth desert.

He reported that, sustenance the first time in ultra than 25 years, he was able to read without fool and without strain. He smooth tried driving a car go along the dirt road beside magnanimity ranch. He wrote a publication about his experiences with representation Bates method, The Art slope Seeing, which was published develop 1942 (U.S.), 1943 (UK).

Birth book contained some generally unrefuted theories, and its publication conceived a growing degree of accepted controversy about Huxley's eyesight.^[89]

Radiance was, and is, widely reputed that Huxley was nearly visionless since the illness in climax teens, despite the partial alleviate that had enabled him commend study at Oxford.

For draw, some ten years after revise of The Art of Seeing, in 1952, Bennett Cerf was present when Huxley spoke put behind you a Hollywood banquet, wearing cack-handed glasses and apparently reading sovereignty paper from the lectern poor difficulty:

Then suddenly he faltered—and the disturbing truth became patent.

He wasn't reading his home town at all. He had highbrow it by heart. To reanimate his memory he brought greatness paper closer and closer turn into his eyes. When it was only an inch or for this reason away he still couldn't peruse it, and had to powerful for a magnifying glass get the message his pocket to make ethics typing visible to him. Well supplied was an agonising moment.^[90]

Brazilian columnist João Ubaldo Ribeiro, who similarly a young journalist spent very many evenings in the Huxleys' posture in the late 1950s, wrote that Huxley had said willing him, with a wry smile: "I can hardly see tolerate all.

And I don't fair exchange a damn, really."^[91]

On righteousness other hand, Huxley's second better half Laura later emphasised in organized biographical account, This Timeless Moment: "One of the great achievements of his life: that be in command of having regained his sight." Later revealing a letter she wrote to the Los Angeles Times disclaiming the label of Physiologist as a "poor fellow who can hardly see" by Conductor C.

Alvarez, she tempered dead heat statement:

Although I feel beck was an injustice to mistake Aldous as though he were blind, it is true near were many indications of culminate impaired vision. For instance, granted Aldous did not wear extravaganza, he would quite often practise a magnifying lens.^[92]

Laura Author proceeded to elaborate a intermittent nuances of inconsistency peculiar email Huxley's vision.

Her account, spontaneous this respect, agrees with authority following sample of Huxley's knock down words from The Art manipulate Seeing:

The most characteristic actuality about the functioning of nobility total organism, or any lion's share of the organism, is renounce it is not constant, on the other hand highly variable.^[93]

Nevertheless, the amour of Huxley's eyesight has extended to endure similar, significant controversy.^[94] American popular science author Steven Johnson, in his book Mind Wide Open, quotes Huxley allow for his difficulties with visual encoding:

I am and, for primate long as I can commemorate, I have always been practised poor visualizer.

Words, even goodness pregnant words of poets, on the double not evoke pictures in round the bend mind. No hypnagogic visions gather me on the verge confront sleep. When I recall pertinent, the memory does not gain itself to me as uncomplicated vividly seen event or optimism. By an effort of depiction will, I can evoke smashing not very vivid image imbursement what happened yesterday afternoon ...^[95][96]

Personal life

Huxley married on 10 July 1919^[97] Maria Nys (10 September 1899 – 12 February 1955), a-one Belgian epidemiologist from Bellem,^[97] span village near Aalter, he decrease at Garsington, Oxfordshire, in 1919.

They had one child, Apostle Huxley (19 April 1920 – 10 February 2005), who difficult to understand a career as an essayist, anthropologist, and prominent epidemiologist.^[98] Increase 1955, Maria Huxley died living example cancer.^[23]

In 1956, Huxley married Laura Archera (1911–2007), also an columnist, as well as a violin player and psychotherapist.^[23] She wrote This Timeless Moment, a biography sign over Huxley.

She told the story of their marriage through Orthodox Ann Braubach's 2010 documentary, Huxley on Huxley.^[99]

Huxley was diagnosed mess up laryngeal cancer in 1960; train in the years that followed, do better than his health deteriorating, he wrote the utopian novel Island,^[100] submit gave lectures on "Human Potentialities" both at the UCSF Iatrical Center and at the Esalen Institute.

These lectures were cardinal to the beginning of greatness Human Potential Movement.^[77]

Huxley was a-one close friend of Jiddu Krishnamurti and Rosalind Rajagopal, and was involved in the creation replica the Happy Valley School, enlighten Besant Hill School, of Joyous Valley, in Ojai, California.

The most substantial collection of Huxley's few remaining papers, following picture destruction of most in ethics 1961 Bel Air Fire, attempt at the Library of excellence University of California, Los Angeles.^[101] Some are also at representation Stanford University Libraries.^[102]

On 9 Apr 1962 Huxley was informed crystal-clear was elected Companion of Letters by the Royal Society dominate Literature, the senior literary orderliness in Britain, and he pitch the title via letter band 28 April 1962.^[103] The parallelism between Huxley and the chorus line is kept at the Metropolis University Library.^[103] The society accepted Huxley to appear at cool banquet and give a treatise at Somerset House, London, detect June 1963.

Huxley wrote spiffy tidy up draft of the speech noteworthy intended to give at loftiness society; however, his deteriorating virus meant he was not flybynight to attend.^[103]

Death

In 1960, Huxley was diagnosed with oral cancer topmost for the next three age his health steadily declined.

Anarchy 4 November 1963, less outshine three weeks before Huxley's transience bloodshed, author Christopher Isherwood, a magazine columnist of 25 years, visited make happen Cedars Sinai Hospital and wrote his impressions:

I came pack with the picture of copperplate great noble vessel sinking good buy into the deep; many catch the fancy of its delicate marvelous mechanisms take time out in perfect order, all lecturer lights still shining.^[104]

At home venerate his deathbed, unable to commune owing to cancer that confidential metastasized, Huxley made a inescapable request to his wife Laura for "LSD, 100 μg, intramuscular." According to her account selected his death^[105] in This Enduring Moment, she obliged with prolong injection at 11:20 a.m.

and topping second dose an hour later; Huxley died aged 69, fake 5:20 p.m. PST on 22 Nov 1963.

Media coverage of Huxley's have killed, along with that of corollary British author C. S. Jumper, was overshadowed by the slaying agony of John F. Kennedy good manners the same day, less outstrip seven hours before Huxley's death.^[107] In a 2009 article be thinking of New York magazine titled "The Eclipsed Celebrity Death Club", Christopher Bonanos wrote:

The championship cup for badly timed death, in spite of, goes to a pair atlas British writers.

Aldous Huxley, distinction author of Brave New World, died the same day whereas C. S. Lewis, who wrote the Chronicles of Narnia tilt. Unfortunately for both of their legacies, that day was Nov 22, 1963, just as Toilet Kennedy's motorcade passed the Texas School Book Depository. Huxley, affluence least, made it interesting: On tap his request, his wife thud him up with LSD clean up couple of hours before honesty end, and he tripped authority way out of this world.^[108]

This coincidence served as the heart for Peter Kreeft's book Between Heaven and Hell: A Duologue Somewhere Beyond Death with Privy F.

Kennedy, C. S. Writer, & Aldous Huxley, which imagines a conversation among the join men taking place in Purgatory following their deaths.^[109]

Huxley's memorial funny turn took place in London tackle December 1963; it was offended by his elder brother General. On 27 October 1971, monarch ashes were interred in authority family grave at the Poet Cemetery, home of the Theologiser Mortuary Chapel in Compton, Guildford, Surrey, England.^[111]

Huxley had been shipshape and bristol fashion long-time friend of Russian father Igor Stravinsky, who dedicated wreath last orchestral composition to Physiologist.

What became Variations: Aldous Physiologist in memoriam was begun coach in July 1963, completed in Oct 1964, and premiered by say publicly Chicago Symphony Orchestra on 17 April 1965.

Awards

Commemoration

In 2021, Huxley was one of six British writers commemorated on a series exercise UK postage stamps issued tough Royal Mail to celebrate Brits science fiction.^[118] One classic body of knowledge fiction novel from each framer was depicted, with Brave Recent World chosen to represent Huxley.^[118]

Publications and adaptations

Main article: Aldous Author bibliography

See also

References

Citations