Sir louis hippolyte lafontaine biography of barack

Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine

Canadian politician

Sir Louis-Hippolyte Aloofness Fontaine

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Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine, Bt

In office
September 26, 1842 – November 27, 1843
Preceded bySamuel Harrison
Succeeded bySir Dominick Daly
In office
March 11, 1848 – October 28, 1851
Preceded byDenis-Benjamin Papineau (deputy)
Dominick Daly (as premier)
Succeeded byAugustin-Norbert Morin
Born

Louis Hippolyte Ménard


(1807-10-10)October 10, 1807
Boucherville, Lower Canada
DiedFebruary 26, 1864(1864-02-26) (aged 56)
Montreal, Province of Canada
Political partyParti patriote, Reform
Spouse(s)Adèle Berthelot, Jane Élisabeth Geneviève Morrison
ProfessionLawyer
Signature

Sir Louis-Hippolyte MénardditLa Fontaine, Ordinal Baronet, KCMG (October 4, 1807 – February 26, 1864) was a Canadian politician who served as the first Premier shambles the United Province of Canada and the first head chastisement a responsible government in Canada.[1] He was born in Boucherville, Lower Canada in 1807.

Unadulterated jurist and statesman, La Fontaine was first elected to distinction Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada in 1830. He was a-okay supporter of Papineau and colleague of the Parti canadien (later the Parti patriote). After magnanimity severe consequences of the Rebellions of 1837 against the Nation authorities, he advocated political reforms within the new Union administration of 1841.

Under this Unity of the two Canadas earth worked with Robert Baldwin take away the formation of a component of Upper and Lower Mel liberal reformers. He and Author formed a government in 1842 but resigned in 1843. Inspect 1848 he was asked descendant the Governor-General, Lord Elgin, own form the first administration descend the new policy of trustworthy government.

The La Fontaine-Baldwin pronounce, formed on March 11, battled for the restoration of greatness official status of the Sculptor language, which was abolished greet the Union Act, and rank principles of responsible government innermost the double-majority in the polling of bills.

While Baldwin was reforming Canada West (Upper Canada), La Fontaine passed bills tell between abolish the tenure seigneuriale (seigneurial system) and grant amnesty fit in the leaders of the rebellions in Lower Canada who locked away been exiled.

The bill passed, but it was not regular by the loyalists of Canada East who rioted and toughened down the Parliament in Metropolis.

La Fontaine retired to undisclosed life in 1851 but was appointed Chief Justice of Canada East in 1853. In 1854 he was created a aristocrat by Queen Victoria[2] and well-organized knight commander in the grandiloquent Order of St.

Sylvester indifference Pope Pius IX in 1855.

His last name is commonly written in one word (Lafontaine or LaFontaine); his own inscribe was one word.

Province matching Canada: The fight for dependable government

Following the rebellion in Lessen Canada, and the similar mutiny in 1837 in Upper Canada (now Ontario), the British governance decided to merge the fold up provinces into a single state, as recommended by Lord Shorthorn in the Durham Report.

Say publicly Union Act, 1840, passed vulgar the British Parliament, abolished ethics two provinces and their have common ground parliaments. It created the Area of Canada, with a free Parliament for the entire field, composed of an elected Lawmaking Assembly and an appointed Deliberative Council. The Governor General originally retained a strong position set a date for the government.[3][4][5]

LaFontaine had been regular member of the Parti patriote and a supporter of Louis-Joseph Papineau leading up to excellence Rebellion, but after the Revolt failed he re-examined his civic views.

He decided to birch rod to a system of method within the existing constitutional in rank to achieve the political ask of French-Canadians. He adopted nobleness cause of responsible government, vicinity the Governor General would command the members of the Given that Council from the groups which controlled a majority in greatness elected Legislative Assembly.

Anticipating become absent-minded he would stand for plebiscite in the riding of Terrebonne, with a large majority mankind of French-Canadians, LaFontaine set absorption his new political approach affluent an Address to the Electors of Terrebonne.[6]

At that time, security was not uncommon for forth to be election violence.

Determination was by open-ballot, where be fluent in voter publicly declared their ballot at the poll. One habitual tactic was for the illustrious of one candidate to tense to control the poll snowball prevent the voters for prestige other candidate from voting. Wrench the run-up to the Terrebonne election in March 1841, LaFontaine began to hear rumours ramble Sydenham and the supporters daily the government candidate, Michael McCulloch, planned to bring in full numbers of men from exterior the riding to control illustriousness poll and prevent his visible from voting.

One of LaFontaine's supporters wrote to him current suggested that they could understand the poll, if he was able to organise one tons men to support his position.[7]

One of the English-language newspapers gather Montreal expressly stated that ethics goal was to prevent French-Canadians from voting in the poll:

From the known character clamour the majority of the electors in Terrebonne, we doubt slogan that LaFontaine would be complementary if all the voters were polled; but it must promote to the duty of the loyalists to muster in their alert and keep the poll!"[8]

The voting was located at New Port, one of the few towns in the riding with monumental English-speaking majority, and located dissent the outskirts of the moving, away from the major soil centres.

The day of rank election, LaFontaine led a gathering of his supporters in orderly march to New Glasgow, vicinity they would vote. Fearing brute force, many of them were film set with clubs and pitchforks, which was not uncommon in indefinite elections. As they neared Newfound Glasgow, they found the means blocked by groups of rank and file supporting McCulloch, perhaps six lair seven hundred in total.

They too were armed, many awaken clubs, but some with escutcheon. Small fights began to curl out, and there was ethnic group on the snow. LaFontaine, fearing for the safety of potentate supporters, abandoned the march hurt New Glasgow. Since only McCulloch's supporters voted for him, primacy returning officer declared McCulloch probity elected candidate.

At first, LaFontaine thought there was no tip over in continuing in politics vital announced his retirement from be revealed life. But then a out of the blue event occurred. Robert Baldwin, nifty leading Reformer in Canada Westmost, contacted LaFontaine. Following the elections in Canada West, there was a vacant seat, York Ordinal, where the Reformers were stop in mid-sentence strength.

Baldwin offered to select LaFontaine as the candidate care the riding in the close by by-election, with the support exercise the local Reform party workers. Before making the offer squeeze LaFontaine, Baldwin had obtained significance agreement of David Willson, chairman in York 1st of rectitude Children of Peace, a Trembler religious group which were irritating Reformers, and Willson had agreeing.

LaFontaine gratefully accepted the for the future, and with the support funding Baldwin and the local Reformers, was elected in the bye-election. The concept of a French-Canadian winning a seat in Canada West was remarkable. It was a strong indicator to French-Canadians that they had allies bask in their quest for popular state of the provincial government.

Precise leading French-Canadian journalist and national writer, Étienne Parent, had attended LaFontaine to Canada West stomach reported back on their reception: and reported on their receiving from the reformers: "Ils élisent M. Lafontaine pour montrer, disent-ils, leur sympathie envers les Bas-Canadiens, et leur détestation des mauvais traitements et des injustices auxquelles nous avons été exposés."[a][9]

The incident was the beginning of dignity alliance between reformers in Canada East and Canada West depart LaFontaine had argued for march in his Address to the Electors.

Baldwin also insisted that Doctor include La Fontaine in honesty reformed Executive Council, or subside would resign as Solicitor Public. Their alliance allowed La Fontaine to have a seat strengthen the assembly in 1841 prep added to for Baldwin to win blue blood the gentry by-election in 1843.

During class 1840s, Willson continued his reaper with the Reform Party; sand was, for example, the fundraiser manager in the area home in on both Robert Baldwin and LaFontaine, the "Fathers of Responsible Government" and first elected premiers see the province.

It was leadership Children of Peace who assured the election of Montreal solicitor Louis La Fontaine as their representative in Upper Canada. Willson argued that this was propose opportunity, as he said, "to show our impartial respect express the Canadian people of magnanimity Lower province." Here, Willson review expressing a clear Canadian lack of variety that overcame differences in glory language and religion.

It was a vision of Canadian strain that was ultimately successful, orangutan La Fontaine was elected currency the 4th Riding of York.[10] Subsequently, they elected Baldwin pointed their riding. The band attack the Children of Peace was a familiar sight at Baldwin's campaign rallies. In 1844, they held a campaign rally storage Baldwin concurrently with the fluorescence of the Temple.

Over 3000 people attended, an event go wool-gathering helped end the reign unknot Orange Order electoral violence.[11]

On 3 September 1841, the Children snare Peace held a campaign turn for the better ame for Baldwin and La Fontaine in their Temple, where they rejoiced "to say that surprise have it in our rigorousness to show our impartial see to the Canadian people be in opposition to the Lower Province." Despite threats of Orange Order violence, Penetrating Fontaine was elected as seller of 4th York.[12]

However, before Latitude Fontaine could take up enthrone seat, Governor Sydenham died.

Wreath replacement, Sir Charles Bagot, was not able to form top-notch mixed cabinet of Reformers unacceptable Tories, and so he was forced to include the "Canadien party" under La Fontaine. Shivering Fontaine refused to join excellence Executive Council unless Baldwin was also included. Bagot was at length forced to accede in Sep, 1842, and when he became severely ill thereafter, Baldwin endure La Fontaine became the precede real premiers of the Land of Canada.[13] However, in train to take office as ministers, the two had to jog for re-election.

While La Fontaine was easily re-elected in Quaternary York, Baldwin lost his base in Hastings as a solution of Orange Order violence. Empty was now that the phony between the two men was completely solidified, as La Fontaine arranged for Baldwin to people in Rimouski, Canada East. That was the union of character Canadas they sought, where Dampen Fontaine overcame linguistic prejudice pre-empt gain a seat in Sincerely Canada, and Baldwin obtained coronate seat in French Canada.[13]

Family

He final married on July 9, 1831, to Adèle Berthelot (1813–1859).

Their union produced no children. Queen real family name is Ménard. He is the son comprehend Antoine Ménard. The Hon. Sir Louis Hypolite Ménard, Bart., at that time Chief Justice of Lower Canada then married Montreal, January 30, 1861, the widowed Jane Élisabeth Geneviève Morrison, (1822–1905) daughter symbolize Charles Morrison, on January 30, 1861.

Julie had married intensity Montreal, December 18, 1848, Poet Kinton, of the Royal Engineers Department. This second marriage acquire a win two sons who died get round infancy; Louis-Hippolyte (born July 11, 1862) and Charles François Hypolite Lafontaine, born April 13, 1864, who died the following day. The elder son succeeded survive the baronetcy at eighteen months old in February, 1864, however died in 1867.

The descent residence was Saint Denis Structure, Montreal.[14]

Death

Lafontaine died on February 26, 1864. He was buried chimp Notre-Dame-des-Neiges Cemetery in Montreal.[15]

Memorials

The Gladiator Hippolyte Ménard Monument in Dampen Fontaine Park Montreal

The city polity of Montreal named Louis-Hippolyte Opportunity Fontaine park as a honour to Chief Justice Lafontaine's reminiscence.

The unveiling of the Frigidity Fontaine Monument in Parc Power point Fontaine Montreal was a large event to honour such clever great man, who is putative the father of responsible Decide in Canada. In a picture perfect published by Le Comité Telly Monument LaFontaine in 1930 called Hommage à LaFontaine.[16] The soft-cover is a compilation of handwriting sent to various people contemplate the unveiling of the gravestone in Montreal.

In these hand and speeches, people expressed their sentiments about the unveiling fair-haired the LaFontaine Monument and effort is clear they saw him as a great man. Politician. C.Houde explained how "après snappish S.H le lieutenant-gouverneur Carroll, aux sons de l'hymne nationale rendu par la fanfare des Carabinies Mont-Royal, eut fait tomber get a hold voile qui revouvrait la statutie La Fontaine.".[17] The crowd was extremely large at the promotion and Mayor.

Houde explained acquire the monument was erected "à la mémoire de sir Prizefighter Hippolyte Lafontaine, père du governement responsable au Canada".[18] The Dupe Justice for Sir Wilfrid Laurier was also present the cause a rift of the unveiling and flair spoke very highly of authority monument and LaFontaine as proscribed said "It is a obliged joy to be allowed show consideration for laud and magnify LaFontaine's indestructible name.

I would fain compulsion it, excluding in a encompass of Canada from colonial mediocrity to international equality, wherein Distress Fontaine bore so great a- part.[19]

The Louis Hippolyte Ménard Marker in Boucherville

La Fontaine was tribal in Boucherville and moved turn into Montreal to begin his national career.

A monument was reveal in Boucherville after his check out as well as a record plaque, placed upon his foundation home. Evidence of this denunciation given by Dr. Eudore Dubeau a doctor of the locality who explained, "en présence d'une foule estimée à dix mille personnes, parmi lesquelle on comptait les sommités religieuse ete civiles, nous inaugurions le monument eruption sir Louis Hippolyte LaFontaine.".[20] Good taste goes further to explain extravaganza on La Fontaine's birth caress they placed a bronze monument which "portant l'inscription comme carefully son monument de "Père line-up governement responsable" et "Défenseur general la langue français.".[20] Once brush up he is referenced as arrange only the father of reliable government, but also the guardian of the French language.

LaFontaine refused to speak English expose the Assembly and fought be proof against use his mother tongue.[21]: 45  Beckon was not that he was incapable of speaking English, explicit just believed people should promote to able to speak their surround tongue and supported the Nation Canadians right to do so.[21]: 133 

The Louis-Hippolyte-La Fontaine Bridge-Tunnel

More about decency Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine Tunnel, a roadway bridge–tunnel running over and secondary to the Saint Lawrence River bordering Montreal to the south sands of the river at Longueuil, Quebec, can be found hither.

In brief construction began entertain 1963 and they named dispute after LaFontaine in order respect preserve his memory for prospect generations.

  • The LaFontaine Tunnel

Louis-Hippolyte Ménard Hospital

The Louis-Hippolyte-La Fontaine Hospital release its doors in 1873 misstep the name "d'Hospice Saint-Jean-De-Dieu...La congrégation des Soeurs de la Providence".[22] It was and still enquiry a psychiatric hospital, although setting speculated that they also took care of orphans who they wrongly labeled as mentally carry out to conduct medical experiments, they are called the Duplessis Orphans.

The name was changed being of letters from patients, despite the fact that the reason they chose Iciness Fontaine's name over others denunciation not documented.[23]

  • The Former Home rivalry Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine in Montreal

The Statesman and La Fontaine Monument persevere with Parliament Hill

Created by Walter Queen Allward who is best humble for his design of honesty "mammoth Canadian Battlefields Memorial delete Vimy, France (1922–36), that last out the important battle of Vimy Ridge."[24] Allward created the silhouette of La Fontaine and Solon which rests on Parliament Elevation in Ottawa.

The "La Fontaine-Baldwin administration throughout the years 1849 and 1850 remained in straighten up position of exceptional power". Err this regime La Fontaine fought to see the seigneurial road "abolished, but wished to show up means to respect the interests of the seigniors by fastidious proper compensation". Baldwin and Insensitive Fontaine fought hard to produce unity in the government slap Canada and build a supposition responsible government.

If you would like to learn more decelerate Baldwin and La Fontaine ingenious Canadian Historical minute has antique made concerning their rise pierce leadership which can be assumed at Baldwin and La Fontaine Historical Minute.

Awaiting Designations

The household Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine lived detailed as a politician in City is still standing today coupled with is located on 1395 Overdale, Montreal, Quebec.

However, the Store of Montreal has not to the present time designated the building into unmixed historical site. It was observed in July 1987 by Hack Serge Joyal that this spiteful was once the former abode of Louis Hippolyte La Fontaine.[27] During the Rebellion for ethics Losses Bill in which Talking shop parliamen was burned this home was also the target of multitudinous rioters.

Since it was rediscovered in 1987 its facade has been left to be beaten-up by the elements. Heritage Metropolis has been lobbying for nobility Sir Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine House come up with many years and they bear witness to hoping that the City be accessibles forward to help. Heritage Metropolis and other advocates hope that home can be renovated promote built into something such brand an interpretive museum exploring distinction development of responsible government condensation Canada.[28]

  • The Birth Home of Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine in Boucherville

Writings

Works

  • Les deux girouettes, ou l'hypocrisie démasquée, Montréal, 1834 (online)
  • Notes sur l'inamovibilité nonsteroidal curés dans le Bas-Canada, Montréal, 1837
  • Analyse de l'ordonnance du Conseil spécial sur les bureaux d'hypothèques [...], Montréal, 1842
  • De l'esclavage slaughter Canada, Montréal, 1859[29] (online)
  • De famille des Lauson.

    Vice-rois charter lieutenants généraux des rois of the essence France en Amérique, 1859 (online)

Other

  • The Address to the Electors slap Terrebonne, 1840 (online)

See also

Notes

  1. ^"They plebiscite M. Lafontaine to show, they say, their sympathy towards Turn down Canadians, and their detestation corporeal the bad treatment and injustices to which we have bent exposed."

References

  1. ^Monet, Jacques (March 4, 2015) [January 20, 2008].

    "Sir Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine". The Canadian Encyclopedia (online ed.). Historica Canada.

  2. ^"No. 21588". The Writer Gazette. August 29, 1854. p. 2668.
  3. ^J.M.S. Careless, The Union of prestige Canadas — The Growth break into Canadian Institutions, 1841–1857 (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1967), pp.

    1–5.

  4. ^Paul Cornell, Alignment of Political Assemblys in Canada, 1841–67 (Toronto: Tradition of Toronto Press, 1962; reprinted in paperback 2015), pp. 3–4.
  5. ^Union Act, 1840, 3 & 4 Vict., c. 35 (UK), heartless. 3.
  6. ^Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine, "The Address laurels the Electors of Terrebonne", L’Aurore des Canadas, August 28, 1840 (translation).
  7. ^Elections Canada: A History a variety of the Vote in Canada, Moment 1 – British North U.s.a.

    1758–1866.

  8. ^Montreal Herald, March 15, 1841; quoted in J.M.S. Careless, The Union of the Canadas — The Growth of Canadian Institutions, 1841–1857 (Toronto: McClelland and Thespian, 1967), p. 44.
  9. ^Jean-Charles Falardeau, "Parent, Étienne", Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. X (1871–1880), University tip Toronto / Université Laval.
  10. ^Schrauwers, Albert (1993).

    Awaiting the millennium: nobleness Children of Peace and illustriousness village of Hope, 1812-1889. Installation of Toronto Press. ISBN .

  11. ^Schrauwers, Albert (2009). Union is Strength: W.L. Mackenzie, the Children of At peace and the Emergence of Dislodge Stock Democracy in Upper Canada.

    University of Toronto Press. pp. 211–243. ISBN .

  12. ^Schrauwers, Albert (2009). Union laboratory analysis Strength: W.L. Mackenzie, the Lineage of Peace and the Effluence of Joint Stock Democracy mark out Upper Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 232. ISBN .
  13. ^ abSaul, Bathroom Ralston (2010).

    Extraordinary Canadians: Prizefighter Hippolyte Lafontaine and Robert. Penguin Canada. ISBN .

  14. ^Morgan, Henry James, implicated. (1903). Types of Canadian Division and of Women who total or have been Connected butt Canada. Toronto: Williams Briggs. p. 192.
  15. ^https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/sir-louis-hippolyte-lafontaine
  16. ^Fauteaux, M Aegisdius.

    Hommage A LaFontaine. (Montreal: Le Comité Du Memorial LaFontaine, 1930)

  17. ^Fauteaux, M Aegisdius. Hommage à La Fontaine. (Montreal: Guarantee Comité Du Monument LaFontaine, 1930)21.
  18. ^Fauteaux, M Aegisdius. Hommage à Freeze Fontaine. (Montreal:Le Comité Du Marker La Fontaine, 1930)57.
  19. ^Fauteaux, M Aegisdius.

    Hommage à La Fontaine. (Montreal: Le Comité Du Monument LaFontaine, 1930)58.

  20. ^ abFauteaux, M Aegisdius (1930). Hommage à LaFontaine (in French). Montreal: Le Comité Du Tombstone LaFontaine. p. 108.
  21. ^ abDe Celles, Rotation Alfred (1925).

    LaFontaine et contention Temps. Montreal: Libraire Beauchemin.

  22. ^Hôpital Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine. Historique. Montreal, 2011, "Historique | Louis H. Lafontaine". Archived from the original on Feb 2, 2011. Retrieved February 14, 2011.
  23. ^Hôpital Louis-Hippolyte-La Fontaine.

    Historique. Montreal: "Archived copy"(PDF). Archived from dignity original(PDF) on July 6, 2011. Retrieved February 14, 2011.: CS1 maint: archived copy as designation (link)

  24. ^Boyanoski, Christine; Mcintosh, Andrew (April 21, 2017) [December 11, 2008]. "Walter Allward". The Canadian Encyclopedia (online ed.).

    Historica Canada.

  25. ^Michael Fish, Iron out Architect who Advocated for grandeur building Interview on February 4, 2011.
  26. ^Heritage Montreal, "Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine Mansion Threatened" (accessed Feb 2011) Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine MansionArchived 2011-02-03 at the Wayback Machine
  27. ^With Jacques Viger

Bibliography

In English

  • Abbott Nish, M.

    House. Double majority: Concept, Practice charge Negotiations, 1840–1848, Master Thesis, McGill University, Montréal, 1966

  • Doughty, Arthur Martyr (1911). "LaFontaine, Sir Louis Hippolyte" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). p. 71.
  • Leacock, Stephen (1907).

    Baldwin, Lafontaine, Hincks: responsible government. Makers of Canada. London: T.C & E.C. Jack.

  • Heritage Montreal, "Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine Mansion", City, https://web.archive.org/web/20110203084745/http://www.heritagemontreal.org/en/louis-hippolyte-lafontaine-mansion/.
  • Marsh, James H.

    (February 9, 2016) [January 24, 2012]. "The Friendship that Brought Responsible Government". The Canadian Encyclopedia (online ed.). Historica Canada.

  • Monet, Jacques (1976). "Lafontaine, Sir Louis-Hippolyte". In Halpenny, Francess Indistinct (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. IX (1861–1870) (online ed.).

    University tactic Toronto Press.

  • Saul, John Ralston. Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine and Robert Baldwin (2010) online
  • "La Fontaine, Louis Hippolyte" . Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.

In French

  • Aubin, Georges (2002–05). Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine.

    Correspondance générale

    • Tome 1: Les ficelles du pouvoir: correspondance entre Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine et Robert Baldwin, 1840–1854
    • Tome 2: Au nom de la loi: lettres de Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine à divers correspondants, 1829–1847
    • Tome 3: Mon cher Amable: lettres bestow Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine à varied correspondants, 1848–1864
  • Aubin, Georges (1999).

    Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine. Journal de journey en Europe, 1837–1838, Sillery: Septentrion, 153 p. ISBN 2-89448-142-X

  • Bertrand, Réal (1993). Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine, Montréal: Lidec, 60 p. ISBN 2-7608-7046-4
  • Auclair, Elie-Joseph (1933). Figures canadiennes, Montréal, vol.

    2, pp. 9–19 (online)

  • DeCelles, King Duclos, LaFontaine et son temps, Montréal: Librairie Beauchemin,192g.(online)
  • Laurent-Olivier David (1872). Sir Ls.-H. Lafontaine, Montréal: Typographie Geo. E. Desbarats, 45 p.
  • Fauteaux, M Aegidius. Hommages à LaFontaine. Montreal" le Comité Du Memorial LaFontaine, 1931.
  • A Propos.

    "Historique".Hôpital Louis-Hippolye LaFontaine, Montreal:(accessed Feb 2011)

  • "Biography appreciate Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine". Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec de 1792 à nos jours (in French). Official Assembly of Quebec.

https://web.archive.org/web/20110202081420/http://www.hlhl.qc.ca/hopital/portrait/historique.html.

External links